Macrophage effector function significantly influences the quality, duration, and magnitude
of most inflammatory reactions. Their activity is specified by distinct stimuli that initiate
their differentiation into classically or alternatively activated macrophages. Classically
activated macrophages exhibit a Th1-like phenotype, promoting inflammation, extracellular
matrix destruction, and apoptosis, while alternatively activated macrophages display a
Th2-like phenotype, promoting extracellular matrix construction, cell proliferation,
and angiogenesis. Although both phenotypes are important for clearance of pathogens
and apoptotic cells, the classically activated macrophage tends to elicit chronic
inflammation and tissue injury whereas the alternatively activated macrophage tends
to resolve inflammation and facilitate wound healing.
Note: This poster conveys a general overview of selected aspects of macrophage
activation and should not be considered comprehensive nor definitive. The details
of this process are understood to be subject to interpretation. ©
2004 R&D Systems, Inc.
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