The gene for CXCL1/GRO alpha was initially discovered in hamster cells, using subtractive hybridization techniques, as a message that is over-expressed in tumorigenic cells and in normal cells during growth stimulation. The hamster cDNA was cloned and used as a probe for the subsequent cloning of the human GRO cDNA. Independently, a cDNA encoding a secreted protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity (MGSA) was also cloned from a human melanoma cell line and found to be identical to GRO. In addition to the initially cloned GRO gene, now designated CXCL1, two additional GRO genes, GRO beta or MIP-2 alpha and GRO gamma or MIP‑2 beta, which shared 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology, respectively, with CXCL1, have been identified. All three human GROs are members of the alpha (C-X-C) subfamily of chemokines. The three GRO cDNAs encode 107 amino acid precursor proteins from which the N-terminal 34 amino acid residues are cleaved to generate the mature GROs. There are no potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the amino acid sequences. GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively. Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. In addition, these chemokines are also active toward basophils. All three GROs can bind with high affinity to the IL-8 receptor type B. The rat homolog of human CXCL1, CINC, is much more active than human CXCL1 on rat neutrophils, suggesting that this cytokine may have selective species specificity.
Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
R&D Systems | Catalog # AF275
Scientific images may be resized, cropped, or adjusted for brightness or contrast for presentation purposes. These updates are limited to presentation and do not affect the underlying scientific interpretation of the data. Where available, additional source data may be provided upon request.
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human
Cited:
Human
Applications
Validated:
Western Blot, Neutralization
Cited:
Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Neutralization, Immunocytochemistry, ELISA Development
Label
Unconjugated
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
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Product Specifications
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC-1 (R&D Systems, Catalog # 275-GR)
Ala35-Asn107
Accession # P09341
Ala35-Asn107
Accession # P09341
Specificity
Detects human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC-1 in direct ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) GRO beta and rhGRO gamma is observed, less than 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant rat (rr) CINC-1 is observed, less than 15% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) KC is observed and no cross-reactivity with rhNAP-2 or rhPF-4 is observed.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Goat
Isotype
IgG
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Scientific Data Images for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
Detection of Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 by Western Blot.
Western blot shows 25 ng of Recombinant Human CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 (275-GR), Recombinant Mouse CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 aa 20-96 (453-KC), Recombinant Rat CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 (515-CN), Recombinant Human CXCL2/GRO beta /MIP-2/CINC-3 aa 35-107 (276-GB), Recombinant Human CXCL3/GRO gamma/CINC-2/DCIP-1 (277-GG), Recombinant Human CXCL7/NAP-2 (393-NP), and Recombinant Human CXCL4/PF4 (795-P4). PVDF Membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF275) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (HAF109). A specific band was detected for CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 at approximately 11 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 3.
Chemotaxis Induced by CXCL1/GRO alpha and Neutralization by Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Antibody.
Recombinant Human CXCL1/GROa (275-GR) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CXCR2 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin (AR002). Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Human CXCL1/GROa (0.01 µg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Human CXCL1/GROa Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF275). The ND50 is typically 0.03-0.15 µg/mL.
Human CXCL1 / GRO alpha / KC / CINC-1 ELISA Standard Curve
Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 (Catalog # 275-GR) was serially diluted and captured by Mouse Anti-Human/Primate CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB275) coated on a Clear Polystyrene Microplate (Catalog # DY990). Goat Anti-Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF275) was biotinylated and incubated with the protein captured on the plate. Detection of the standard curve was achieved by incubating Streptavidin-HRP (Catalog # DY998)Applications for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
Application
Recommended Usage
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 (Catalog # 275-GR)
Sample: Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1 (Catalog # 275-GR)
Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1-induced chemotaxis in the BaF3 mouse pro‑B cell line transfected with human CXCR2. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.03-0.15 µg/mL in the presence of 0.01 µg/mL Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha /KC/CINC‑1.
Reviewed Applications
Read 6 reviews rated 4.7 using AF275 in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.
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Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. See Certificate of Analysis for details.<br/>*Small pack size (-SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1
Alternate Names
CINC-1, CINC1, GRO alpha, KC, MGSA-alpha
Gene Symbol
CXCL1
UniProt
Additional CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Products
Product Documents for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
For research use only
Related Research Areas
Citations for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody
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Customer Reviews for Human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Antibody (6)
4.7 out of 5
6 Customer Ratings
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Application: Immunocytochemistry/ImmunofluorescenceSample Tested: Breast cancer cellsSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 11/12/2025
Bio-Techne ResponseThis review reflects a new species or application tested on a primary antibody. -
Application: ELISASample Tested: SerumSpecies: PrimateVerified Customer | Posted 11/28/2022Worked as a capture in our NHP ELISA
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Application: Western BlotSample Tested: Raw 246.7 cellsSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 04/04/2020
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Application: Western BlotSample Tested: Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line and iDC human immature myeloid dendritic cellsSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 10/17/2018
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Application: ELISASample Tested: EDTA PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 08/17/2018CXCL1 levels were measured in plasma samples using this antibody.
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Application: ELISASample Tested: Serum and PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 11/22/2017AF275 was used as both the capture and detection antibody in a sandwich ELISA for GRO-alpha. The immunoassay standard was 275-GR.
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Protocols
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- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
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Associated Pathways
