Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase initially identified as an inhibitor of glycogen synthase. Two isoforms (GSK-3 alpha and GSK-3 beta ) share 85% amino acid identity. GSK-3 alpha is inhibited by phosphorylation at S21 by Akt and other kinases. Deregulated GSK-3 has been implicated in several diseases including type II diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, and cancer.
phospho-GSK-3 alpha (S21) Antibody
R&D Systems | Catalog # AF4125
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Scientific Data Images for phospho-GSK-3 alpha (S21) Antibody
Detection of phospho-GSK3a in Human BreastCancer via seqIF™ staining on COMET™
Phospho-GSK3a was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human breast cancer using Rabbit Anti-Human phospho-GSK3a Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4125) at 25ug/mL at 27 ° Celsius for 4 minutes. Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue underwent an all-in-one dewaxing and antigen retrieval preprocessing using PreTreatment Module (PT Module) and Dewax and HIER Buffer H (pH 9; Epredia Catalog # TA-999-DHBH). Tissue was stained using the Alexa Fluor™ Plus 555 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody at 1:100 at 37 ° Celsius for 2 minutes. (Yellow; Lunaphore Catalog # DR555RB) and counterstained with DAPI (blue; Lunaphore Catalog # DR100). Specific staining was localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Protocol available in COMET™ Panel Builder.Detection of Human and Mouse Phospho-GSK‑3 alpha (S21) by Western Blot.
Western blot shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 200 nM PMA for 20 minutes and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line untreated or treated with 100 ng/mL Recombinant Human IGF-1 (Catalog # 291-G1) for 15 minutes and NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line untreated or treated with 10 ng/mL PMA for 20 minutes. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Human/Mouse/Rat Phospho-GSK-3a (S21) Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4125), followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF008). A specific band was detected for Phospho-GSK-3a (S21) at approximately 51 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.GSK‑3 alpha in Human Thymus.
GSK‑3a was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human thymus using 5 µg/mL Human/Mouse/Rat Phospho-GSK‑3a (S21) Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4125) overnight at 4 °C. Before incubation with the primary antibody tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained with the Anti-Rabbit HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS005) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.Applications for phospho-GSK-3 alpha (S21) Antibody
COMET
Immunohistochemistry
Sample: Immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human thymus subjected to Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013)
Western Blot
Sample: PMA-treated HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line and MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line treated with Recombinant Human IGF-1 (Catalog # 291-G1)
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.
Formulation
Shipping
Stability & Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: GSK-3 alpha
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Additional GSK-3 alpha Products
Product Documents for phospho-GSK-3 alpha (S21) Antibody
Certificate of Analysis
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Product Specific Notices for phospho-GSK-3 alpha (S21) Antibody
For research use only
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- Antigen Retrieval Protocol (PIER)
- Antigen Retrieval for Frozen Sections Protocol
- Appropriate Fixation of IHC/ICC Samples
- Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols
- Chromogenic IHC Staining of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue Protocol
- Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry Staining of Frozen Tissue
- ClariTSA™ Fluorophore Kits
- Detection & Visualization of Antibody Binding
- Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Protocol
- Graphic Protocol for Heat-induced Epitope Retrieval
- Graphic Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections
- Graphic Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections
- Graphic Protocol for the Preparation of Gelatin-coated Slides for Histological Tissue Sections
- IHC Sample Preparation (Frozen sections vs Paraffin)
- Immunofluorescent IHC Staining of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue Protocol
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocols
- Immunohistochemistry Frozen Troubleshooting
- Immunohistochemistry Paraffin Troubleshooting
- Preparing Samples for IHC/ICC Experiments
- Preventing Non-Specific Staining (Non-Specific Binding)
- Primary Antibody Selection & Optimization
- Protocol for Heat-Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER)
- Protocol for Making a 4% Formaldehyde Solution in PBS
- Protocol for VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Detection Reagent
- Protocol for the Preparation & Fixation of Cells on Coverslips
- Protocol for the Preparation and Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections
- Protocol for the Preparation and Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections - Graphic
- Protocol for the Preparation and Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections
- Protocol for the Preparation and Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections - Graphic
- Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections
- Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections
- Protocol for the Preparation of Gelatin-coated Slides for Histological Tissue Sections
- R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol
- TUNEL and Active Caspase-3 Detection by IHC/ICC Protocol
- The Importance of IHC/ICC Controls
- Troubleshooting Guide: Immunohistochemistry
- Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot Figures
- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars