Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha ) also known as Cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types (1, 2). Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse and 69% - 76% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus TNF-alpha. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer (4). Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte co-stimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness (5). Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-alpha (6, 7). TNF-alpha trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 8). TNF-alpha regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis (2). It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages (2). TNF-alpha is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders (9). It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism (10, 11).
Scientific images may be resized, cropped, or adjusted for brightness or contrast for presentation purposes. These updates are limited to presentation and do not affect the underlying scientific interpretation of the data. Where available, additional source data may be provided upon request.
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Rat
Cited:
Rat
Applications
Validated:
Western Blot, ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair)
Cited:
Western Blot, ELISA Development, ELISA Development (Detection)
Label
Biotin
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
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Product Specifications
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant rat TNF-alpha (R&D Systems, Catalog # 510-RT)
Leu80-Leu235
Accession # P16599
Leu80-Leu235
Accession # P16599
Specificity
Detects rat TNF-alpha in ELISAs and Western blots. In sandwich immunoassays, less than 2.5% cross‑reactivity with rmTNF-a is observed and less than 0.2% cross‑reactivity with rhTNF-a and rpTNF-a is observed.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Goat
Isotype
IgG
Scientific Data Images for Rat TNF-alpha Antibody [Biotin]
Rat TNF-alpha ELISA Standard Curve
Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT) was serially diluted and captured by Mouse Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB510) coated on a Clear Polystyrene Microplate (Catalog # DY990). Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-510-NA) was biotinylated and incubated with the protein captured on the plate. Detection of the standard curve was achieved by incubating Streptavidin-HRP (Catalog # DY998)Applications for Rat TNF-alpha Antibody [Biotin]
Application
Recommended Usage
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT)
Sample: Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT)
Rat TNF-alpha Sandwich Immunoassay
ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair)
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Reviewed Applications
Read 1 review rated 5 using BAF510 in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: TNF-alpha
References
- Idriss, H.T. and J.H. Naismith (2000) Microsc. Res. Tech. 50:184.
- Hehlgans, T. and K. Pfeffer (2005) Immunology 115:1.
- Estler, H.C. et al. (1992) Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 373:271.
- Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
- Eissner G. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:353.
- Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
- Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
- Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324.
- Clark, I.A. (2007) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18:335.
- Romanatto, T. et al. (2007) Peptides 28:1050.
- Hector, J. et al. (2007) Horm. Metab. Res. 39:250.
Long Name
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Alternate Names
Cachetin, DIF, TNF, TNF-A, TNFA, TNFalpha, TNFG1F, TNFSF1A, TNFSF2
Entrez Gene IDs
Gene Symbol
TNF
UniProt
Additional TNF-alpha Products
Product Documents for Rat TNF-alpha Antibody [Biotin]
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Rat TNF-alpha Antibody [Biotin]
For research use only
Related Research Areas
Citations for Rat TNF-alpha Antibody [Biotin]
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Application: ELISASample Tested: Serum and PlasmaSpecies: RatVerified Customer | Posted 11/08/2017This antibody was paired with MAB510 to build an ELISA to measure rat TNF-alpha in plasma samples.
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols
- R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol
- Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot Figures
- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars
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Associated Pathways
IL-15 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways
mTOR Signaling Pathway
NOD-like Receptor Signaling Pathways
Th1 Differentiation Pathway
TNF Superfamily Pathway: Human Ligand-Receptor Interactions & their Associated Functions
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways
