Glutaredoxin 1/GLRX1 Proteins and Enzymes

Glutaredoxin 1 is a 12 kDa protein with glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase activity. Glutaredoxins utilize the reducing power of glutathione to catalyze disulfide reductions in the presence of NADPH and glutathione reductase (the glutaredoxin system). The amino acid sequence of Glutaredoxin 1 in humans is highly homologous with that in other mammals (81-89%), and contains the conserved active sequence motif -Cys-Pro-Try-Cys-. Glutaredoxin 1 also catalyzes the formation of mixed disulfides (glutathionylation), which is an important redox regulatory mechanism, particularly in mammalian cells under oxidative stress conditions.