Integrin Receptor Ligands Small Molecules and Peptides

Integrins are ubiquitously expressed adhesion molecules. They are cell-surface receptors that exist as heterodimers of α and β subunits. Under physiological conditions, integrins are highly glycosylated and contain a Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺ ion, which is essential for ligand binding.

Integrins 'integrate' the extracellular environment with the cell interior by binding both the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cytoskeleton. They are critical for cell attachment to the ECM, which is ...