Mitochondrial Hexokinase Substrates

Hexokinases catalyze the first essential step of glucose metabolism, the conversion of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate. This directly couples extramitochondrial glycolysis to intramitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. There are two subtypes of mitochondrial hexokinases, HK1 and HK2, each of which has four isozymes designated hexokinase I, II, III and IV.

HK1 and HK2 are both localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane, with HK1 being found in nervous tissue and HK2 in insulin-responsive ...