RGS1 Proteins and Enzymes

RGS1 encodes a member of the regulator of G protein signalling family. This protein is located on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane and contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signalling activity of G proteins by binding to activated, GTP bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal.