Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

R&D Systems | Catalog # 9967-AO

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2
R&D Systems
Loading...

Key Product Details

  • R&D Systems E. coli-derived Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein (9967-AO)
  • Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
  • All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee

Source

E. coli

Accession Number

Applications

Enzyme Activity
Loading...

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human IDO2 protein
Glu15-Gly420, with an N-terminal Met and C-terminal 6-His tag

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Met

Predicted Molecular Mass

46 kDa

SDS-PAGE

41 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured by its ability to oxidize L-tryptophan to N-formyl-kynurenine.
The specific activity is >15 pmol/min/μg, as measured under the described conditions.

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein Enzyme Activity

Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein Enzyme Activity

Recombinant Human IDO2 (Catalog # 9967-AO) is measured by its ability to oxidize L-tryptophan to N-formyl-kynurenine. The activity (orange) is approximately 4-fold greater than the competitor's IDO2 (green).
Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein SDS-PAGE

Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein SDS-PAGE

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IDO2 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silverstaining, showing a band at 41 kDa.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

9967-AO
Formulation Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, NaCl and Glycerol.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 6 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after opening.

Background: IDO2

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO2) is a 47 kDa heme-containing cytosolic dioxygenase. Human IDO2 shares 64% aa sequence identity with mouse IDO2. IDO2 is one of three dioxygenases capable of catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step of the L-kynurenine pathway (KP): oxidative cleavage of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan to form N formyl kynurenine (1). Of these proteins, IDO1 and IDO2 are both related, monomeric enzymes but share only 38% aa sequence identity. The IDO isoforms are not functionally redundant. Although expression of IDO2 has been upregulated in some cancers (2,3), IDO2 expression is generally restricted to the liver, kidney, brain, and certain immune cell types unlike the more ubiquitously expressed indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) (1). Differential inhibition of IDO1 and IDO2 is observed with several molecules (4,5). IDO2 has significantly lower tryptophan catabolic activity than IDO1 and TDO2 (4, 6-8) suggesting it does not play a significant physiological role in the KP. Instead, IDO2 may have an alternative functional role: either non-enzymatic or utilizing a more physiologically relevant substrate (5,7).  IDO2 function operates as a pro-inflammatory mediator in autoimmune inflammatory disorders (8, 9-11). It is a candidate for co-therapeutic targeting for treatment in these diseases (10-11).

References

  1. Prendergast, G.C. et al. (2014) Front. Immunol. 5:585.
  2. Witkiewicz, A.K. et al. (2009) J. Am. Coll. Surg. 208:781.
  3. Lob, S. et al. (2009) Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 58:153.
  4. Meininger, D. et al. (2011) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1814:1947.
  5. Pantouris, G. et al. (2014) Amino Acids 46:2155.
  6. Ball, H.J. et al. (2007) Gene 396:203.
  7. Yuasa, H.J. et al. (2009) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 153:137.
  8. Metz, R. et al. (2014) Int. Immunol. 26:357.
  9. Merlo, L.M.F. et al. (2014) J. Immunol. 192:2082.
  10. Merlo, L.M. and L. Mandik-Nayak (2016) Clin. Med. Insights Pathol. 9:21.
  11. Merlo, L.M.F. et al (2017) Clin. Immunol. 179:8.

Long Name

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2

Alternate Names

Ido-2, INDOL1, Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2

Entrez Gene IDs

169355 (Human); 209176 (Mouse); 681319 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

IDO2

UniProt

Additional IDO2 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

For research use only

Citations for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

Customer Reviews for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF

There are currently no reviews for this product. Be the first to review Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF and earn rewards!

Have you used Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF?

Submit a review and receive an Amazon gift card!

$25/€18/£15/$25CAN/¥2500 Yen for a review with an image

$10/€7/£6/$10CAN/¥1110 Yen for a review without an image

Submit a review
Amazon Gift Card

Protocols

View specific protocols for Recombinant Human IDO2 Protein, CF (9967-AO):

Materials
  • Assay Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 20% Glycerol, pH 7.5
  • 0.405 M Tris, pH 8.0
  • Recombinant Human IDO2 (rhIDO2) (Catalog # 9967-AO)
  • Ascorbic Acid (Sigma, Catalog # 255564), 500 mM stock in deionized water
  • L-Tryptophan (Sigma, Catalog # T0254), 40 mM stock in deionized water
  • Catalase (Sigma, Catalog # C30), 100,000 units/mL stock diluted in 50 mM MES, pH 6.5
  • Methylene Blue (Sigma, Catalog # 28514), 10 mM stock in deionized water
  • 96-well Clear Plate (Catalog # DY990)
  • Plate Reader (Model: SpectraMax Plus by Molecular Devices) or equivalent
  1. Prepare the Substrate Mixture.
         a.   Dilute Ascorbic Acid to 80 mM in 0.405 M Tris, pH 8.0
         b.   Prepare a mixture of 9000 units/mL Catalase and 40 µM Methylene Blue in Assay Buffer.
         c.   Mix equal volumes of 1a and 1b for final concentrations of 40 mM Ascorbic Acid, 4500 units/mL Catalase and 20 µM Methylene
         Blue.
  2. Dilute rhIDO2 to 160 ng/µL in Assay Buffer.
  3. Load 25 µL of 160 ng/µL of rhIDO-2 to a clear plate, and start the reaction by adding 25 µL of 40 mM L-Tryptophan, followed by 50 µL of Substrate Mixture.  Include a Substrate Blank containing 25 µL of Assay Buffer, 25 µL of L-Tryptophan and 50 µL of Substrate Mixture.
  4. Read in kinetic mode for 5 minutes at an absorbance of 321 nm.
  5. Calculate specific activity:

     Specific Activity (pmol/min/µg) =

Adjusted Vmax* (OD/min) x well volume (L) x 1012 pmol/mol
ext. coeff** (M-1cm-1) x path corr.*** (cm) x amount of enzyme (µg)

*Adjusted for Substrate Blank
**Using the extinction coefficient 3750 M-1cm-1
***Using the path correction 0.32 cm
Note: the output of many spectrophotometers is in mOD

Per Well:

  • rhIDO2: 4.0 μg
  • Ascorbic Acid: 20 mM
  • L-Tryptophan: 10 mM
  • Catalase: 225 units
  • Methylene Blue: 10 µM

FAQs

No product specific FAQs exist for this product.

View all FAQs for Proteins and Enzymes
Loading...