Hyaluronidase 1/HYAL1 Proteins and Enzymes

HYAL1 is one of five hyaluronidases with endo-beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase activity. It is a lysosomal enzyme with optimal activity around pH 4.0. It is highly expressed in the liver, kidney and heart, and it is the predominant hyaluronidase found in plasma. Defects in HYAL1 are associated with the hyaluronidase deficiency, mucopolysaccharidosis type IX. HYAL1 exhibits both tumor promoter and suppressor activity. While HYAL1, HYAL2, and SPAM1 are endo- beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidases that primarily act on hyaluronan, HYAL4 is primarily active on chondroitin sulfate (types C and D in particular).