Recombinant Human Reg3A Protein, CF

Reg3A (Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha), also known as Reg III-alpha, hReg3 beta, or HIP/PAP (human islet peptide / pancreatitis associated protein) in humans and PAP2 in rodents, is a secreted 16-17 kDa member of the Reg family of C-type lectins (1-5). The type III genes in the Reg family, including Reg3A, are thought to have cell-protective and proliferative effects (4-6). The 149 amino acid (aa) mature human Reg3A (aa 27-175) contains a small, trypsin-cleavable PAP domain
(aa 27-39) and a C-type lectin domain, and lacks potential N-glycosylation sites (3, 4).  Mature human Reg3A shares 60% and 57% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat Reg3A, respectively, while human Reg3A shares 84% aa sequence identity with the only other known human type III Reg, Reg3G (also called Reg3 gamma or PAP1B). EXTL3 (exostosis-like gene 3) is a putative receptor for Reg proteins (2, 7). In humans, Reg3A expression is increased in acute pancreatitis, and its expression and proteolytic activation in the small intestine is thought to have a protective effect against infection and TNF-alpha -induced stress (1, 8). Rodent Reg3A is mainly expressed in the intestinal tract, keratinocytes in inflamed skin, pancreatic acinar cells and islet alpha cells, where proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and
IL-17 enhances its expression (5-7, 9-11). Pancreatic Reg3A expression is also increased in mouse models of type 1 diabetes (6). In the rat brain, nerve injury and inflammation increase Reg3A expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons, while low dopamine levels in stress induce its production by melanocytes (12, 13). Treatment of rat macrophages with Reg3A causes up‑regulation of NFkB signaling and modulates cytokine production (2, 4, 14).