Additional HMG-CoA Reductase Products Small Molecules and Peptides

3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) catalyzes the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis - the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA into mevalonic acid. This transmembrane enzyme is bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and is ubiquitously expressed.

When cholesterol levels falls, HMG-CoA reductase is transcriptionally upregulated by sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), which binds to the sterol regulatory element (SRE) in the 5' region ...