PGLYRP3/PGRP-I alpha Proteins and Enzymes

Primary immune recognition is based on structures common among invading pathogens. Bacterial surface molecules, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN), are known to elicit immune reactions ranging from cytokine release to fever. Recently, a family of proteins called peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) has been identified in mouse and human that binds to peptidoglycans expressed on Gram-positive bacteria. Peptidoglycan (PGN) is an essential cell wall component of virtually all bacteria (1,2) and, thus, it is an excellent target for recognition by the eukaryotic innate immune system. The PGRPs (PGRP-L, PGRP-S, PGRP-Ia , and PGRP-I