Human Thioredoxin‑1 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680‑conjugated Antibody

Name: Human Thioredoxin‑1 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680‑conjugated Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: AF1970AFP680
Price: 599 USD
Availability: InStock

R&D Systems | Catalog # AF1970AFP680

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Product Specifications
Applications
Preparation & Storage
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot

Label

Alexa Fluor Plus 680 (Excitation = 687 nm, Emission = 704 nm)

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

View all Thioredoxin-1 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Specificity

Detects human Thioredoxin-1 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Thioredoxin-1 is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Applications for Human Thioredoxin‑1 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680‑conjugated Antibody

Application

Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Western Blot

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Formulation

Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: Thioredoxin-1

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are a group of small ubiquitous proteins in all living cells that are key regulators of cellular redox balance (1, 2). The mammalian Trx family has three members. The Trx-1, which is a secreted and cellular protein, the mitochondria-specific Trx-2, and the Trx-like cytosolic protein p32TrxL (3-5). The active site of mammalian Trxs contains two cysteines in the conserved sequence -Y-C-G-P-C-K-. In Trx-1 the conserved cysteine residues are in positions 32 and 35, respectively. Trxs exist either in a reduced or in an oxidized state when the two cysteines at the active site form an intramolecular disulfide bridge. NADPH and the flavoprotein thioredoxin reductase can convert the oxidized Trx into the reduced Trx. Trx-1 is the only extracellular occurring thioredoxin, and is secreted by lymphocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and several tumor cells. Plasma concentrations of Trx-1 are up to 6 nM (6). In cells, Trx-1 is localized predominantly in the cytoplasm. Small amounts have been detected in the nucleus and in association with the outside surface of the cells. Expression of Trx-1 is increased under various stress conditions such as hypoxia, elevated hydrogen peroxide concentrations, photochemical oxidative stress, and viral and bacterial infections. Biological functions of Trx-1 include growth factor activity, antioxidant properties, a cofactor that provides reducing equivalents, and transcriptional regulation (1, 2). The synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients produces increased levels of Trx-1 under oxidative stress conditions, and a correlation exists between the plasma levels of Trx-1 and the severity of the disease, making Trx-1 a biomarker for this pathological condition (7, 8).

References

Holmgren, A. (1985) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 54:237.
Powis, G. and W.R. Monfort (2001) Annu. Rev. Pharm. Toxicol. 41:269.
Deiss, L.P. and A. Kimchi (1991) Science 252:117.
Spyrou, G. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:2936.
Miranda-Vizuete, A. et al. (1998) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 243:284.
Nakamura, H. et al. (1997) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 15:147.
Mourice, M.M. et al. (1999) Arthritis Rheum. 42:2430.
Jikimoto, T. et al. (2001) Mol. Immunol. 38:765.

Alternate Names

Thioredoxin1, Trx1, TXN, TXN1

Entrez Gene IDs

7295 (Human)

Gene Symbol

TXN

UniProt

P10599

Additional Thioredoxin-1 Products

Product Documents for Human Thioredoxin‑1 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680‑conjugated Antibody

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Product Specific Notices for Human Thioredoxin‑1 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680‑conjugated Antibody

This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only

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