Recombinant Rat CXCL1/CINC-1 Protein

R&D Systems | Catalog # 515-CN

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Key Product Details

  • R&D Systems E. coli-derived Recombinant Rat CXCL1/CINC-1 Protein (515-CN)
  • Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
  • All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee

Source

E. coli

Accession Number

P14095

Applications

Bioactivity
View all CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived rat CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 protein
Ala25-Lys96

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Ala25

Predicted Molecular Mass

7.8 kDa

Activity

Measured by its ability to induce myeloperoxidase release from cytochalasin B-treated human neutrophils. Schröder, J.M. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 139:3474.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.1‑0.3 µg/mL.

Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CXCR2.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.2‑1 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Carrier Free
What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Carrier: 515-CN
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Carrier Free: 515-CN/CF
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1

CXCL1, also known as KC, GRO alpha, and CINC-1, is an approximately 8 kDa proinflammatory chemokine that plays a key role in neutrophil migration and activation (1). Mature rat CXCL1 shares 67% and 92% aa sequence identity with human and mouse CXCL1, respectively (2, 3). It is produced by many cell types in inflammatory sites and during chronic inflammatory diseases (1). CXCL1 can associate into bioactive dimers and primarily signals through CXCR2/IL-8 RB but can also bind with lower affinity to CXCR2/IL-8 RA (4-6). It induces neutrophil migration, extravasation, respiratory burst, and degranulation and also induces T cells to produce proinflammatory IL-17 (5, 7, 8). CXCL1 additionally binds to Syndecan-1 on epithelial cells which acts as a sink for CXCL1 activity until Syndecan-1 cleavage by MMP-7 (9). CXCL1 is up-regulated in spinal cord astrocytes by inflammatory stimuli or tumor cell injection, and it exacerbates pain sensation by potentiating excitatory NMDA neurotransmission (10, 11). In the circulatory system, CXCL1 interacts with CXCR2 on endothelial cells to promote lymphatic tube formation and angiogenesis (12, 13). It promotes the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes resulting in cartilage matrix deposition, calcification, and remodeling (14). It interacts with both CXCR1 and CXCR2 on adipose stromal cells and promotes their recruitment to prostate tumors in obese patients (15). It also binds CXCR2 on ovarian cancer cells, leading to cleavage of cell surface HB-EGF, transactivation of EGF R, and cell proliferation (16).

References

  1. Strieter, R.M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:593.
  2. Watanabe, K. et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264:19559.
  3. Huang, S. et al. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 184:922.
  4. Sawant, K.V. et al. (2015) J. Innate Immun. 7:647.
  5. Geiser, T. et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:15419.
  6. Ahuja, S.K. and P.M. Murphy (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:20545.
  7. Jin, L. et al. (2014) J. Immunol. 193:3549.
  8. De Filippo, K. et al. (2013) Blood 121:4930.
  9. Gill, S.E. et al. (2016) Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. PMID 26934670.
  10. Cao, D.-L. et al. (2014) Exp. Neurol. 261:328.
  11. Xu, J. et al. (2014) J. Neuroinflamm. 11:38.
  12. Xu, J. et al. (2012) Int. J. Cancer 130:787.
  13. Miyake, M. et al. (2013) Lab. Invest. 93:768.
  14. Merz, D. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:4406.
  15. Zhang, T. et al. (2016) Nat. Commun. 7:11674.
  16. Bolitho, C. et al. (2010) Endocr. Relat. Cancer 17:929.

Alternate Names

CINC-1, CINC1, GRO alpha, KC, MGSA-alpha

Entrez Gene IDs

2919 (Human); 14825 (Mouse); 81503 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

CXCL1

UniProt

P14095

Additional CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Rat CXCL1/CINC-1 Protein

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Download SDS 515-CN (with carrier)
Download SDS 515-CN/CF (carrier free)

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Rat CXCL1/CINC-1 Protein

For research use only

Citations for Recombinant Rat CXCL1/CINC-1 Protein

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