ARHGEF3, also known as Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3, is a 526 amino acid protein that functions when extracellular interactions activate G coupled protein receptors through conversion of GTP into GDP, by increasing GTPase activity specifically Rho GTPases, which in turn has been shown to have a strong role in bone cells specifically with bone mineral density (BMD). Studies of ARHGEF3 are being done on the following diseases and disorders, hypochromic anemia, osteoporosis, neuronitis, leukemia, arthritis, and spasticity. This protein has interactions with RHOA, RHOB, SHC1, and CDC42 in the G-protein signaling pathways of both RhoA and RhoB, cell death signaling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE, as well as the interferon pathway.
