Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Inhibitors

The Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger (NCX) is a low affinity, high capacitance calcium antiporter membrane protein that functions to regulate intracellular calcium concentrations. It is located on the plasma, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticular membranes of excitable cells. Using the electrochemical gradient of Na⁺, one Ca²⁺ ion is transported out of the cell in exchange for three Na⁺ ions.

The Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger compliments the high affinity, low capacitance Ca²⁺-ATPase and together, they are involved in ...