TMEFF2/Tomoregulin-2 Proteins and Enzymes

TMEFF1 and TMEFF2, also known as tomoregulins-1 and -2, are type I transmembrane glycoproteins that contain two extracellular follistatin modules, an extracellular EGF-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a short conserved cytoplasmic tail. Soluble extracellular domains of both TMEFF1 and 2 can be generated by proteolytic cleavage. TMEFF1 selectively regulates Nodal but not Activin signaling through direct binding to the Nodal co-receptor, Cripto. It is predominantly expressed in brain, but is downregulated in brain neoplasms. TMEFF2 is expressed primarily in normal brain and prostate. It may function as a neurotrophic factor in the brain and can be upregulated in prostate cancer.