CCL2, also called monocyte chemotactic protein‑1 (MCP‑1) or JE, is a member of the C‑C or beta chemokine family that is best known as a chemotactic agent for mononuclear cells (1, 2). Human CCL2 cDNA encodes a 99 amino acid (aa) precursor protein with a 23 aa signal peptide and a 76 aa mature protein (2). Removal of the first 5 aa of the mature protein, including the N-terminal pyrrolidone carboxylic acid‑modified glutamine, occurs naturally by metalloproteinase cleavage and down‑regulates activity but not receptor binding (3). CCL2 may form multiple bands from 8.7‑13.5 kDa on SDS‑PAGE due to non‑covalent dimerization and variable carbohydrate content (3). Mature human CCL2 shares 78‑79% aa identity with canine, porcine and equine CCL2, while mouse and rat express a form of CCL2 that is extended by 49 aa and shares only ~56% aa identity within the common region. Human CCL2 can, however, induce a response in murine cells (4). Fibroblasts, glioma cells, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes can produce CCL2 either constitutively or upon mitogenic stimulation, but monocytes and macrophages appear to be the major source (1, 2). In addition to its chemotactic activity, CCL2 induces enzyme and cytokine release by monocytes, NK cells and lymphocytes, and histamine release by basophils that express its receptor, CCR2 (2). Additionally, it promotes Th2 polarization in CD4+ T cells (5). CCL2‑mediated recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation is proposed to play a role in the pathology of atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis and allergic asthma (6, 7).
Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
R&D Systems | Catalog # 279-MC
Key Product Details
- R&D Systems E. coli-derived Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein (279-MC)
- Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
- All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee
Source
Accession Number
Applications
Product Specifications
Source
Gln24-Thr99
Purity
Endotoxin Level
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Predicted Molecular Mass
SDS-PAGE
Activity
The ED50 for this effect is 5‑30 ng/mL.
Reviewed Applications
Read 10 reviews rated 4.6 using 279-MC in the following applications:
Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein Bioactivity
Recombinant Human CCL2/ MCP-1 (Catalog # 279-MC) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CCR2A. The ED50 for this effect is 5-30 ng/mL.
Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein SDS-PAGE
1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 10 kDa.
Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein Mass Spectrometry
MALDI-TOF analysis of Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1. The major peak corresponds to the calculated molecular mass, 8679 Da. The minor peak at 8887 is a matrix-associated artifact of the MALDI-TOF.Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 279-MC
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 279-MC/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Calculators
Background: CCL2/JE/MCP-1
References
- Yoshimura, T. et al. (1989) FEBS Lett. 244:487.
- Deshmane, S.L. et al. (2009) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 29:313.
- Proost, P. et al.(1998) J. Immunol. 160:4034.
- Ju Lee, H. et al. (2015) J. Immunol. 194:3634.
- Luther, S.A. and J.G. Cyster (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:102.
- Daly, C. et al. (2003) Microcirculation 10:247.
- Aukrust, P. et al. (2008) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28:1909.
Alternate Names
Gene Symbol
UniProt
Additional CCL2/JE/MCP-1 Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
For research use only
Citations for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
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Customer Reviews for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein (10)
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Customer Images
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Application: Media additive for protein or antibody productionVerified Customer | Posted 11/12/2024
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Application: MigrationVerified Customer | Posted 05/14/2022
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Application: MigrationVerified Customer | Posted 05/14/2022
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Application: In vivo studyVerified Customer | Posted 03/03/2022DSS treated mice serum samples
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Application: Cell migration/motilityVerified Customer | Posted 10/21/2021
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Application: Cell migration/motilityVerified Customer | Posted 06/09/2021
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Application: In vitro bioactivity in cell cultureVerified Customer | Posted 07/08/2019
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Application: Immunoassay StandardVerified Customer | Posted 11/26/2018The recombinant human CCL2 protein was used as the calibration reagent in MSD assay with biotinylated MAB279 (capture) and Sulfo-Tag labeled AF-279-NA (detection) antibodies.
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Application: Immunoassay StandardVerified Customer | Posted 02/05/2018
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Application: Cell migration/motilityVerified Customer | Posted 06/13/2017MCP1-induced smooth muscle cells migration using wound closure assay. I use at 50 ng/ml concentration in serum-free media.
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FAQs for Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein
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Q: Should I use Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein formulated with carrier BSA (Catalog # 279-MC) or the Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein (Catalog # 279-MC/CF) that is carrier-free (no BSA) for my in vivo experiments?
A: For in vivo aplications, we would recommend using the carrier-free Recombinant Human CCL2/MCP-1 Protein (Catalog # 279-MC/CF). The injection of a carrier protein such as BSA can cause side effects and sometimes death to the experimental animal. For more information regarding use of the protein for in vivo applications, we would recommend consulting the Citations tab on the product-specific page.
