ATP Citrate Lyase Small Molecules and Peptides

ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), also known as ATP citrate synthase, is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in many tissues. The enzyme is a tetramer of four identical subunits. It catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate from citrate and CoA with a concomitant hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and phosphate. One of these products, acetyl-CoA, serves several important biosynthetic pathways, including lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis. In nervous tissue, ATP citrate-lyase may be involved in the biosynthesis of acetylcholine. NDPK has been found to phosphorylate ACLY and insulin to increase phosphorylation of ACLY (2).