PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NBP3-15686

Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody
Novus Biologicals
100% Guarantee

Key Product Details

Validated by

Knockout/Knockdown

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Recombinant Monoclonal Rabbit IgG Clone # 4V8L4 expressed in HEK293
View all PD-L1/B7-H1 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Recombinant fusion protein containing a sequence corresponding to amino acids 1-290 of human PD-L1 (Q9NZQ7). MRIFAVFIFMTYWHLLNAFTVTVPKDLYVVEYGSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQHSSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAGVYRCMISYGGADYKRITVKVNAPYNKINQRILVVDPVTSEHELTCQAEGYPKAEVIWTSSDHQVLSGKTTTTNSKREEKLFNVTSTLRINTTTNEIFYCTFRRLDPEENHTAELVIPELPLAHPPNERTHLVILGAILLCLGVALTFIFRLRKGRMMDVKKCGIQDTNSKKQSDTHLEET

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Description

Novus Biologicals Rabbit PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) (NBP3-15686) is a recombinant monoclonal antibody validated for use in IHC and WB. All Novus Biologicals antibodies are covered by our 100% guarantee.

Scientific Data Images for PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] -

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] - Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded Human placenta using PD-L1 Rabbit mAb at dilution of 1:500 (40x lens). High pressure antigen retrieval performed with 0.01M Citrate Bufferr (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.
PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] -

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] - Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded Human tonsil using PD-L1 Rabbit mAb at dilution of 1:500 (40x lens). High pressure antigen retrieval performed with 0.01M Citrate Bufferr (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.
PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Western Blot: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] -

Western Blot: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] - Western blot analysis of lysates from wild type (WT) and PD-L1 knockout (KO) A-549 cells using PD-L1 Rabbit mAb at 1:1000 dilution incubated overnight at 4C. Wild type (WT) and PD-L1 knockout (KO) A549 cells were treated by IFNG (100 ng/mL) at 37C for 48 hours.
Secondary antibody: HRP-conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 30 ug per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit.
Exposure time: 45s.
PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] -

Immunohistochemistry: PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4) [PD-L1] - Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded Human lung adenocarcinoma using PD-L1 Rabbit mAb at dilution of 1:500 (40x lens). High pressure antigen retrieval performed with 0.01M Citrate Bufferr (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Applications for PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

1:100 - 1:500

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

1:100 - 1:500

Western Blot

1:500 - 1:1000

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Affinity purified

Formulation

PBS (pH 7.3), 50% glycerol, 0.05% BSA

Preservative

0.05% Proclin 300

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: PD-L1/B7-H1

Programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 and B7-H1, is a 33 kDa type I glycoprotein containing 290 amino acids (aa) belonging to the protein B7 family and serves as part of an immune checkpoint (1,2). PD-L1 contains an Ig-V and Ig-C-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail lacking canonical signaling motifs (2,3). PD-L1 is the ligand that binds the receptor programmed-death 1 (PD-1) which is highly expressed on active T cells (1-3). PD-L1 is typically upregulated by tumor cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs), but also expressed on T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC), mast cells, and some non-immune cell types (1-3). In addition to the membrane-bound, PD-L1 is released from cells both in soluble form and bound to extracellular vesicles (4).

PD-L1 binding with receptor PD-1 results in phosphorylation of in the inhibitory tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) domain of PD-1, which leads to recruitment of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine-phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) and eventual downstream phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and phospholipid inositol-3-kinase (PI3K) (1,3). Under normal conditions, the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis helps maintain immune tolerance and prevent destructive immune responses by inhibiting T cell activity such as proliferation, survival, cytokine production, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cytotoxicity (1-3). In the tumor microenvironment (TME), however, the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis is hijacked to promote tumor cell survival and limit anti-tumor immune response (1,3). More precisely, tumor cells can escape killing and immune surveillance due to T cell exhaustion and apoptosis (1-3).

Given the role the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis plays in tumor cells' ability to evade immune surveillance, it has become a target of several immunotherapeutic agents in recent years (3,5). Antibody immunotherapies that target these inhibitory checkpoint molecules has shown great promise for cancer treatment (3,5). PD-L1 and PD-1 blocking agents have been approved for treatment in a number of cancers including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial carcinoma, and Merkel-cell carcinoma (3,5). In many cancers the expression of PD-L1 in the TME has predictive value for response to blocking agents (3). Pembrolizumab, for example, is a PD-1 inhibitor that has been approved by the FDA as a second-line therapy for treatment of metastatic NSCLC in patients whose tumors express PD-L1 with a Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) greater than 1%, but also for first-line treatment in cases where patients' tumors expression PD-L1 with a TPS greater than 50%) (5). The most promising cancer immunotherapy treatments seem to point to combination therapy with both anti-cancer drugs (e.g. Gefitibin, Metformin, Etoposide) with PD-L1/PD-1 antibody blockade inhibitors (e.g. Atezolizumab, Nivolumab) (6).

References

1. Han, Y., Liu, D., & Li, L. (2020). PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer. American journal of cancer research, 10(3), 727-742.

2. Jiang, Y., Chen, M., Nie, H., & Yuan, Y. (2019). PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: clinical implications and future considerations. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 15(5), 1111-1122. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1571892

3. Sun, C., Mezzadra, R., & Schumacher, T. N. (2018). Regulation and Function of the PD-L1 Checkpoint. Immunity, 48(3), 434-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.014

4. Cha, J. H., Chan, L. C., Li, C. W., Hsu, J. L., & Hung, M. C. (2019). Mechanisms Controlling PD-L1 Expression in Cancer. Molecular cell, 76(3), 359-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.030

5. Tsoukalas, N., Kiakou, M., Tsapakidis, K., Tolia, M., Aravantinou-Fatorou, E., Baxevanos, P., Kyrgias, G., & Theocharis, S. (2019). PD-1 and PD-L1 as immunotherapy targets and biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology, 24(3), 883-888.

6. Gou, Q., Dong, C., Xu, H., Khan, B., Jin, J., Liu, Q., Shi, J., & Hou, Y. (2020). PD-L1 degradation pathway and immunotherapy for cancer. Cell death & disease, 11(11), 955. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-03140-2

Long Name

Programmed Death Ligand 1

Alternate Names

B7-H1, B7H1, CD274, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1

Gene Symbol

CD274

Additional PD-L1/B7-H1 Products

Product Documents for PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

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Product Specific Notices for PD-L1 Antibody (4V8L4)

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Protocols

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