Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Molecules

Research has identified a host of co-signaling molecules that modulate the immune responses by T and B lymphocytes. Co-signaling molecules have been shown to have both positive and negative modulatory effects on T and B cell activation. R&D Systems offers products for both co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules in both the Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. Molecules in the IgSF are further classified as members of the B7/CD28 family, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin (TIM) family, signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family, butyrophilin family, and nectin and nectin-like binding receptor family.

• Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Products

Related Information

• Mini-review: B7 & CD28/CTLA-4 Receptor Families
• Mini-review: The B7 & CD28 Superfamilies
• Control of Immune Responses via CD28 and CTLA-4
• CTLA-4: Hiding in Plain Sight
• The SLAM Family
• Technical Notes: B7 Family Research Tools
• Products for Butyrophilin-related Research
• Cancer Immunotherapy: Utilize B7 and Butyrophilin Family Proteins
• Interactive Pathway: T Cell Co-Signaling Pathway: Ligand-Receptor Interactions
• VSIG8 Poster: Co-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Molecule
• B7-CD28 Family of Immune Checkpoint Proteins
• Read Our Immuno-Oncology Research eBook
• B Cells
• T Cells
• Dendritic Cell Co-stimulatory Molecules
• Allergy, Asthma and Inflammation