Cystatin S is a member of family 2 of the cystatin superfamily (1). Like cystatins SA and SN, it is produced by the salivary gland and secreted largely in the submandibular/sublingual saliva (2). Unlike cystatins SA and SN, Cystatin S is not a potent inhibitor of cysteine proteases such as papain and some cathepsins (3). Cystatin S is partially phosphorylated at Ser21 and Ser23 in saliva (4). The functions of Cystatin S are largely unknown. However, it is able to bind more calcium and bind more rapidly to carbonated apatite than cystatins SA or SN, indicating that Cystatin S may be involved in the mineral balance of the tooth (3).
Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein, CF
R&D Systems | Catalog # 1296-PI
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Key Product Details
- R&D Systems NS0-derived Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein (1296-PI)
- Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
- All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee
Source
NS0
Accession Number
Applications
Inhibition Activity
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Product Specifications
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived human Cystatin S protein
Ser21-Ala141, with a C-terminal 10-His tag
Ser21-Ala141, with a C-terminal 10-His tag
Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Ser21
Predicted Molecular Mass
15.6 kDa
SDS-PAGE
16 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit active Cathepsin L cleavage of a fluorogenic peptide substrate Z-LR-AMC (Catalog # ES008).
The IC50 value is <1.0 µM as measured under the described conditions.
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
1296-PI
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES and NaCl. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile 25 mM MES, 150 mM NaCl, pH 6.5. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Calculators
Background: Cystatin S
References
- Abrahamson, M. (1994) Methods Enzymol. 244:685.
- Baron, A.C. et al. (1999) Oral. Dis. 5:344.
- Baron, A. et al. (1999) Oral Dis. 5:234.
- Isemura, S. et al. (1991) J. Biochem. 110:648.
Alternate Names
CST4
Entrez Gene IDs
1472 (Human)
Gene Symbol
CST4
UniProt
Additional Cystatin S Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein, CF
Certificate of Analysis
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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein, CF
For research use only
Related Research Areas
Citations for Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein, CF
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Protocols
View specific protocols for Recombinant Human Cystatin S Protein, CF (1296-PI):
Materials
- Activation Buffer: 50 mM MES, 5 mM DTT, pH 6.0
- Assay Buffer: 50 mM MES, pH 6.0
- Recombinant Human Cystatin S (rhCystatin S) (Catalog # 1296-PI)
- Recombinant Human Cathepsin L (rhCathepsin L) (Catalog # 952-CY)
- Substrate: Z-Leu-Arg-AMC (Catalog # ES008), 2 mM stock in DMSO.
- F16 Black Maxisorp Plate (Nunc, Catalog # 475515)
- Fluorescent Plate Reader (Model: SpectraMax Gemini EM by Molecular Devices) or equivalent
- Dilute rhCathepsin L to 1 µg/mL in Activation Buffer.
- Incubate on ice for 15 minutes.
- After incubation, dilute activated rhCathepsin L to 0.5 µg/mL in Assay Buffer.
- Prepare a curve of rhCystatin S (MW: 15,550 Da) in Assay Buffer. Make the following serial dilutions: ≥45.7 µM (stock concentration should be ≥ 0.711 mg/mL), 30.5, 20.3, 13.5, 9, 6, 4, and 2.68 µM.
- Combine equal volumes of the rhCystatin S curve dilutions and the diluted active rhCathepsin L. Include a control (in duplicate) containing Assay Buffer and the diluted active rhCathepsin L.
- Incubate mixtures at 37 °C for 15 minutes.
- Perform a 1/5 dilution of each reaction mixture with Assay Buffer.
- Dilute Substrate to 20 µM in Assay Buffer.
- Load 50 µL of the incubated mixtures in a plate, and start the reaction by adding 50 µL of 20 µM Substrate.
Read at excitation and emission wavelengths of 380 nm and 460 nm (top read), respectively, in kinetic mode for 5 minutes. - Derive the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of rhCystatin S by plotting RFU/min (or specific activity) vs. concentration with 4-PL fitting.
- The specific activity for rhCathepsin L at each point may be determined using the following formula (if needed):
|
Specific Activity (pmol/min/µg) = |
Adjusted Vmax* (RFU/min) x Conversion Factor** (pmol/RFU) |
| amount of enzyme (µg) |
*Adjusted for Substrate Blank
**Derived using calibration standard 7-amino, 4-Methyl Coumarin (Sigma, Catalog # A-9891).
Per Well:
- rhCathepsin L (MW: 25524 Da): 0.0025 µg
- rhCystatin S curve: ≥2.286 µM (variable based on stock concentration), 1.525, 1.015, 0.675, 0.45, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.134 µM.
- Substrate: 10 µM