TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NBP3-24217

Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody
Novus Biologicals
100% Guarantee

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Rabbit IgG Kappa Clone # TIM3/6863R

Format

Azide and BSA Free
View all TIM-3 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Recombinant fragment of human TIM-3 protein (around aa1-200) (exact sequence is proprietary)

Localization

Cell Surface

Marker

Effector T-Cell Marker

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG Kappa

Description

Antibody without azide - store at -20 to -80C.

Scientific Data Images for TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free

Protein Array: TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP3-24217] -

Analysis of Protein Array containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins using TIM-3 antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP3-24217] -

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tonsil stained with TIM-3 antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free. HIER: Tris/EDTA, pH9.0, 45min. Secondary: HRP-polymer, 30min. DAB, 5min.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP3-24217] -

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human spleen stained with TIM-3 antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free. HIER: Tris/EDTA, pH9.0, 45min. Secondary: HRP-polymer, 30min. DAB, 5min.

Applications for TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

1-2ug/ml
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: 1-2ug/ml for 30 min at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 10mM Citrate Buffer, pH 6.0, for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes. Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Formulation

10mM PBS

Format

Azide and BSA Free

Preservative

No Preservative

Concentration

1 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at -20 to -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: TIM-3

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing 3 (TIM-3) is a type I transmembrane protein that functions in suppressing immune cell responses and is considered a checkpoint receptor (1,2). TIM-3 is an inhibitory receptor that was first identified as a cell marker for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing CD4+ T helper (Th1) and CD8+ T cytotoxic (Tc1) cells (1,2). TIM-3 is also expressed on other immune cell types: regulatory T cells (Treg), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as leukemia stem cells (LSCs) (1-3). Human TIM-3 protein is 301 amino acids (aa) in length with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 33.4 kDa and shares ~63% aa sequence identity with mouse TIM-3 (2,4). The TIM-3 protein has an extracellular IgV domain, a mucin and stalk domain with O- and N-glycosylation sites, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tail with conserved tyrosine residues (2,3). Ligands for TIM-3 include soluble galectin-9, high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), and carcinoembyronic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM-1) (1-3,5). Each of these ligands interact with different regions of the TIM-3 IgV domain. In the absence of ligand binding, the unphosphorylated intracellular tyrosine residues of TIM-3 are associated with HLA-B associated transcript 3 (Bat3), which recruits Lck and this Bat3-Lck complex preserves T cell signaling (1-3,5). When TIM-3 is engaged, an intracellular signaling cascade is initiated to inhibit immune cell activation. (1-3,5). Specifically, the tyrosine residues of TIM-3 are phosphorylated, Bat3 is released, and this results in suppression of immune responses (1-3, 5). Persistent, sustained TIM-3 signaling eventually results in T cell exhaustion (1-3,5).

Dysregulation of TIM-3 expression is associated with autoimmune diseases as shown by studies where inhibition of TIM-3 using blocking antibodies worsened disease progression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models of multiple sclerosis (MS) (2,3,5). Conversely, high levels of TIM-3 have been shown during viral infection as well as in many cancer types where its increased expression may be an indicator of poor prognosis (2,3,5). TIM-3 has emerged as a potential cancer immunotherapy target as preclinical studies blocking TIM-3 results in increased anti-tumor immunity and prevents tumor growth (3,5). Studies have suggested combination therapy of TIM-3 blockade with blockade of other checkpoint inhibitors such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) or lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is more effective than TIM-3 blockade alone (3,5).

References

1. Acharya N, Sabatos-Peyton C, Anderson AC. Tim-3 finds its place in the cancer immunotherapy landscape. J Immunother Cancer. 2020; 8(1):e000911. https://doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-000911

2. Das M, Zhu C, Kuchroo VK. Tim-3 and its role in regulating anti-tumor immunity. Immunol Rev. 2017; 276(1):97-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.12520

3. Joller N, Kuchroo VK. Tim-3, Lag-3, and TIGIT. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2017; 410:127-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2017_62

4. Uniprot (Q8TDQ0)

5. Wolf Y, Anderson AC, Kuchroo VK. TIM3 comes of age as an inhibitory receptor. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020; 20(3):173-185. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-019-0224-6

Long Name

T Cell Immunoglobulin Mucin-3

Alternate Names

CD366, HAVcr-2, HAVCR2, KIM-3, SPTCL, TIM3, TIMD3

Gene Symbol

HAVCR2

Additional TIM-3 Products

Product Documents for TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for TIM-3 Antibody (TIM3/6863R) - Azide and BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Protocols

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FAQs

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