Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488‑conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems | Catalog # AF1958AFP488

R&D Systems

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human, Mouse

Applications

Immunohistochemistry

Label

Alexa Fluor Plus 488 (Excitation = 493 nm, Emission = 518 nm)

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG
View all GDF-11/BMP-11 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Specificity

Detects human and mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.  In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human/mouse/rat GDF-8/Myostatin and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human BMP-6 is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Applications for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488‑conjugated Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Formulation

Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: GDF-11/BMP-11

Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF-11), also known as BMP-11, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily and is highly related to GDF-8. GDF-11 encodes a 407 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide which contains a signal sequence for secretion and an RXXR proteolytic processing site to yield a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein (1). Mature GDF-11 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members; however, like the TGF-beta s, Activins and GDF-8, GDF-11 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and chicken GDF-11 are 99‑100% identical. GDF-11 and GDF-8 share 90% amino acid sequence identity within the mature protein. As detected by in situ hybridization, GDF-11 is expressed in diverse regions of the mouse embryo: tailbud, somitic precursors, limbs, mandibular and branchial arches, dorsal neural tube, odontoblasts, nasal epithelium, and particular regions of the brain (1, 2). Likewise, a targeted deletion of GDF-11 in mice results in a spectrum of abnormalities including palatal malformation, vertebral defects, elongated trunks with a reduced or absent tail, missing or malformed kidneys, and an increased number of neurons in the olfactory epithelium (2-5). An intriguing finding in the knockout mice was that the trunk elongation was due to an increase in the number of thoracic vertebrae (4). This implicates GDF-11 as the first secreted factor to influence the specification of segmental identity in vertebrates (3). In fact, GDF-11 does regulate expression of segmental transcription factors, the Hox genes (6). GDF-11 signals through the Activin type II receptors and induces phosphorylation of Smad2 to mediate axial patterning (7). Despite the strong expression in the limb throughout development, no limb abnormalities were found in the knockout mice. However, in vitro micromass studies indicate that GDF-11 inhibits myogenic and chondrogenic cell differentiation and may impact formation and development of the limb skeleton (6).

References

  1. Gamer, L.W. et al. (1999) Dev. Biol. 208: 222.
  2. Nakashima, M. et al. (1999) Mech. Dev. 80:185.  
  3. Gad, J.M. and P.P.L. Tam (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:R783.  
  4. McPherron, A.C. et al. (1999) Nat. Genet. 22:260.
  5. Esquela, A.F. and S.J. Lee (2003) Dev. Biol. 257:356.
  6. Gamer, L.W. et al. (2001) Dev. Biol. 229:407.
  7. Oh, S.P. et al. (2002) Genes & Dev. 16:274.

Long Name

Growth Differentiation Factor 11

Alternate Names

BMP-11, BMP11, GDF11

Entrez Gene IDs

10220 (Human)

Gene Symbol

GDF11

UniProt

O95390

Additional GDF-11/BMP-11 Products

Product Documents for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488‑conjugated Antibody

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Product Specific Notices for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488‑conjugated Antibody


This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only

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