Canine IL‑21 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405‑conjugated Antibody

Name: Canine IL‑21 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405‑conjugated Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: AF5849AFP405
Price: 569 USD
Availability: InStock

R&D Systems | Catalog # AF5849AFP405

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Product Specifications
Applications
Preparation & Storage
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Canine

Applications

Neutralization

Label

Alexa Fluor Plus 405 (Excitation = 404 nm, Emission = 455 nm)

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Sheep IgG

View all IL-21 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Specificity

Detects canine IL-21 in direct ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, approximately 35% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IL-21 is observed, and less than 3% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-21 is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Sheep

Isotype

IgG

Applications for Canine IL‑21 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405‑conjugated Antibody

Application

Recommended Usage

Neutralization

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Formulation

Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: IL-21

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a 14 kDa (predicted) four-helix-bundle cytokine and member of the IL-15/IL-21 family. It is made by activated CD4⁺ T cells, activated NKT cells, T helper (Th) cells, and Th17 cells (1‑5). Canine IL-21 is synthesized as a 146 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 17 aa signal sequence and a 129 aa mature chain. Mature canine IL-21 is 86%, 73%, 66%, and 64% aa identical to mature bovine, human, mouse and rat IL-21, respectively. IL-21 binds to a heterodimeric receptor, which is formed by the common gamma -chain subunit (CD134), shared with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-15 receptors, and its own receptor, IL‑21 R, a member of the class I cytokine receptor family (1‑2). IL-21 R is expressed on a variety of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells, as well as non-immune cells, such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells (1‑2, 5). Binding of IL-21 to its receptor leads to the activation of members of the JAK-family protein tyrosine kinases, JAK1 and JAK3, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) molecules (1). IL-21 regulates activation, proliferation, and survival of both CD4⁺ T cells and B cells, the functional activity of CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells, and limits the differentiation of inducible regulatory T cells and counteracts their suppressive properties on effector T cells (1, 5‑6). IL-21 also negatively regulates the maturation and function of dendritic cells (1, 5‑6). IL‑21 also plays a role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, Helicobacter pylori‑related gastritis, celiac disease, type I diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (1). IL‑21 is also involved in controlling chronic viral infections (7).

References

Monteleone, G. et al. (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:185.
Parrish-Novak, J. et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.
Coquet, J.M. et al. (2007) J. Immunol.178:2827.
Vogelzang, A. et al. (2008) Immunity 29:127.
Monteleone, G. et al. (2008) Trends Immunol. 29:290.
Spolski, R. et al. (2008) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 20:295.
Yi, J.S. et al. (2009) Science 324:1572.

Long Name

Interleukin 21

Alternate Names

CVID11, IL21, Za11

Entrez Gene IDs

59067 (Human); 60505 (Mouse); 365769 (Rat); 442935 (Canine); 100344172 (Rabbit)

Gene Symbol

IL21

UniProt

NP_001003347

Additional IL-21 Products

Product Documents for Canine IL‑21 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405‑conjugated Antibody

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Product Specific Notices for Canine IL‑21 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405‑conjugated Antibody

This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only