Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NB100-63067

Novus Biologicals
100% Guarantee

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Bacteria

Applications

Validated:

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, ELISA, Immunodiffusion

Cited:

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

BSA Free
View all Cholera Toxin Beta Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Purified choleragenoid

Specificity

NB100-63067 is specific for the beta subunit of cholera toxin. The beta subunit of cholera toxin binds to a GM1-ganglioside receptor which is widely accepted to initiate toxin action by triggering uptake and delivery of the toxin alpha subunit into cells. The holotoxin consists of a pentameric ring of beta subunits whose central pore is occupied by the alpha subunit. The alpha subunit contains two chains, A1 and A2, linked by a disulfide bridge. The alpha subunit (and cholera toxin) activate the adenylate cyclase enzyme in cells of the intestinal mucosa leading to increased levels of intracellular cAMP. This antibody immunoprecipitates cholera toxin in gel techniques.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Applications for Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

ELISA

1:100-1:2000
Application Notes
Use in Immunohistochemistry-Frozen reported in scientific literature (PMID 24996127)

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

IgG purified

Formulation

PBS

Format

BSA Free

Preservative

0.1% Sodium Azide

Concentration

4 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Cholera Toxin Beta

The holotoxin (choleragen) consists of a pentameric ring of B subunits whose central pore is occupied by the A subunit. The A subunit contains two chains, A1 and A2, linked by a disulfide bridge. The B subunit pentameric ring directs the A subunit to its target by binding to the GM1 gangliosides present on the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells. It can bind five GM1 gangliosides. It has no toxic activity by itself. After binding to gangliosides GM1 in lipid rafts, through the subunit B pentamer, the holotoxin and the gangliosides are internalized. The holotoxin remains bound to GM1 until arrival in the ER. The A subunit has previously been cleaved in the intestinal lumen but the A1 and A2 chains have remained associated. In the ER, the A subunit disulfide bridge is reduced, the A1 chain is unfolded by the PDI and disassembled from the rest of the toxin. Then, the membrane-associated ER oxidase ERO1 oxidizes PDI, which releases the unfolded A1 chain. The next step is the retrotranslocation of A1 into the cytosol. This might be mediated by the protein-conducting pore SEC61. Upon arrival in the cytosol, A1 refolds and avoids proteasome degradation. In one way or another, A1 finally reaches its target and induces toxicity.

Alternate Names

Cholera enterotoxin B chain, Cholera enterotoxin beta chain, Cholera enterotoxin gamma chain, Cholera enterotoxin subunit B, Cholera toxin B protein, Choleragenoid, CTX B, CTXB, TOX B, toxB, VC1456

UniProt

P01556 (Bacteria)

Additional Cholera Toxin Beta Products

Product Documents for Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Download SDS

Product Specific Notices for Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Citations for Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

Customer Reviews for Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free

There are currently no reviews for this product. Be the first to review Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free and earn rewards!

Have you used Cholera Toxin Beta Antibody - BSA Free?

Submit a review and receive an Amazon gift card!

$25/€18/£15/$25CAN/¥2500 Yen for a review with an image

$10/€7/£6/$10CAN/¥1110 Yen for a review without an image

Submit a review
Amazon Gift Card

Protocols

Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.

FAQs

No product specific FAQs exist for this product.

View all FAQs for Antibodies