Human IDO2 Alexa Fluor® 405-conjugated Antibody

Applications

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

Background: IDO2

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO2) is a 47 kDa heme-containing cytosolic dioxygenase. Human IDO2 shares 64% aa sequence identity with mouse IDO2. IDO2 is one of three dioxygenases capable of catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step of the L-kynurenine pathway (KP): oxidative cleavage of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan to form N formyl kynurenine (1). Of these proteins, IDO1 and IDO2 are both related, monomeric enzymes but share only 38% aa sequence identity. The IDO isoforms are not functionally redundant. Although expression of IDO2 has been upregulated in some cancers (2,3), IDO2 expression is generally restricted to the liver, kidney, brain, and certain immune cell types unlike the more ubiquitously expressed indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) (1). Differential inhibition of IDO1 and IDO2 is observed with several molecules (4,5). IDO2 has significantly lower tryptophan catabolic activity than IDO1 and TDO2 (4, 6-8) suggesting it does not play a significant physiological role in the KP. Instead, IDO2 may have an alternative functional role: either non-enzymatic or utilizing a more physiologically relevant substrate (5,7).  IDO2 function operates as a pro-inflammatory mediator in autoimmune inflammatory disorders (8, 9-11). It is a candidate for co-therapeutic targeting for treatment in these diseases (10-11).

Product Datasheets

Related Research Areas

• Additional Reduction/Oxidation (Redox) Enzymes
• Anti-oxidant Molecules
• Kynurenine Pathway
• Oxidases and Oxygenases
• Oxygenases/Hydroxylases
• Redox Enzymes
• Search Immune Checkpoint Targets
• Search Immunotherapy-related Enzymes