Human Semaphorin 4A Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated Antibody

Applications

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

Background: Semaphorin 4A

Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A, previously semB) is a Class 4 transmembrane Semaphorin with activity in the immune and nervous systems (1). The 761 amino acid (aa) human Sema4A precursor contains a 32 aa signal sequence, a 651 aa extracellular domain (ECD) containing sema, PSI and C2-type immunoglobulin domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 57 aa cytoplasmic domain with two Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites (2). Human Sema4A ECD shares 87%, 87%, 86% and 85% aa identity with mouse, rat, bovine and canine Sema4A, respectively, and shares 32-37% aa identity with other human Sema4 family members. Of six reported splice variants with 723, 629, 370, 321, 236 and 220 aa, five lack the N-terminus and/or portions of the sema domain, and three lack the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains in the C-terminus (3). Sema4A was first described as a molecule that enhances T cell activation and interacts with TIM-2 (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-2 (4). Mice with targeted disruption of Sema4A show defects in dendritic cell-mediated T cell priming and Th1 responses (5). Roles for Sema4A have also been identified in the brain, the endothelium and the eye. It mediates hippocampal neuron growth cone collapse in vitro through interaction of the sema domain with plexin-B1 (6). Interaction of Sema4A with endothelial cell plexin-D1 causes opposition to the angiogenic, proliferative, chemotactic and integrin-mediated adhesive actions of VEGF (7). The retina of Sema4A^-/- mice shows severe degeneration, and mutations of Sema4A are associated with retinitis pigmentosa and cone rod dystrophy in humans (8, 9).

Product Datasheets

Related Research Areas

• Axon Guidance and Neuron Migration
• Proteoglycans
• Semaphorins, Plexin Receptors, and Related Molecules