Rat CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Alexa Fluor™ Plus 555‑conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems | Catalog # AF6935AFP555

R&D Systems

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Rat

Applications

Western Blot, Neutralization

Label

Alexa Fluor Plus 555 (Excitation = 558 nm, Emission = 572 nm)

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Sheep IgG
View all CCL4/MIP-1 beta Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Specificity

Detects rat CCL4/MIP-1 beta in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 8% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta and recombinant rat CCL3/MIP-1 alpha is observed, and less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant human CCL4/MIP-1 beta is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Sheep

Isotype

IgG

Applications for Rat CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Alexa Fluor™ Plus 555‑conjugated Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Western Blot

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Neutralization

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Formulation

Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: CCL4/MIP-1 beta

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ), is a 12 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium (3 - 8). A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment (6). CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha (9). The first two N-terminal amino acids can be cleaved from human CCL4 by CD26/DPPIV (10, 11). Both the full length and truncated forms exert biological activity through CCR5, and the truncated form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2 (10). In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M‑tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor (2). Both forms of CCL4 block HIV-1 infection of T cells by inducing the down‑regulation of CCR5 (10). Mature rat CCL4 shares 80% and 86% aa sequence identity with human and mouse CCL4, respectively.

References

  1. Rot, A. and U.H. von Andrian (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:891.
  2. Menten, P. et al. (2002) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13:455.
  3. Sun, X. et al. (2006) Infec. Immun. 74:5943.
  4. Bisset, L.R. and Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. (2005) Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 11:35.
  5. Frangogiannis, N.G. (2004) Inflamm. Res. 53:585.
  6. Bystry, R.S. et al. (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:1126.
  7. Oliveira, S.H.P. et al. (2002) J. Leukoc. Biol. 71:1019.
  8. Schall, T.J. et al. (1993) J. Exp. Med. 177:1821.
  9. Guan, E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:12404.
  10. Guan, E. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:32348.
  11. Guan, E. et al. (2004) J. Cell. Biochem. 92:53.

Alternate Names

Exodus-3, MIP-1 beta, MIP1 beta

Entrez Gene IDs

6351 (Human); 20303 (Mouse); 116637 (Rat); 448786 (Canine); 102117861 (Cynomolgus Monkey)

Gene Symbol

CCL4

UniProt

P50230

Additional CCL4/MIP-1 beta Products

Product Documents for Rat CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Alexa Fluor™ Plus 555‑conjugated Antibody

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Product Specific Notices for Rat CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Alexa Fluor™ Plus 555‑conjugated Antibody


This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only

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