Recombinant Mouse MD-1 Protein, CF

Recombinant Mouse MD-1 Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: MD-1

MD-1 is a secreted glycoprotein that was originally identified as a v-myb-regulated gene from avian myeloleukemia virus-transformed chicken myeloblasts (1). The mouse homologue of chicken MD-1 (also known as lymphocyte antigen 86) was subsequently discovered as a molecule that is associated with RP105, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRR) typically found in Toll-like receptor (TLR) family members. However, RP105 has a short cytoplasmic tail and lacks the Toll-IL-1 R (TIR) domain that defines the IL-1 R/TLR superfamily (2 - 4). RP105 plays an important role in B-cell activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It is expressed primarily on mature B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages (4).

Mouse MD-1 cDNA encodes a 162 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a putative 19 aa signal peptide and two potential N-linked glycosylation sites. It shares 40% and 66% aa sequence identity with chicken and human MD-1 respectively (2, 3). MD-1 is mainly expressed in spleen, and also detectable in liver, brain, thymus, and kidney. MD-1 is required for efficient RP105 cell surface expression and function (2 - 5). Cell surface RP105/MD-1 complex, in conjunction with TLR4, mediates the innate immune response to LPS in B-cells. Activation of the RP105 complex has been shown to protect against apoptosis, induce B-cell proliferation and upregulate B7.2, a co-stimulatory molecule (5, 6). Since MD-1 is also expressed in liver and brain where RP105 is absent, it has been speculated that MD-1 can also be associated with other LRR-containing molecules, or have additional functions outside the immune system (6).

Related Research Areas

• Dendritic Cell Pathogen Recognition/Uptake
• Immune Regulatory Molecules on Endothelial Cells
• Monocyte Markers
• Toll-Like Receptors