HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted

Name: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted
Brand: Novus Biologicals
SKU: NBP2-48112
Price: 429 USD
Availability: InStock

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NBP2-48112

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Product Specifications
Scientific Data
Applications
Preparation & Storage
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human, Monkey, Mouse (Negative)

Applications

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG2b Kappa Clone # LN-3

Format

IHC-Prediluted

View all HLA-DR Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Reactivity Notes

Does not react with Mouse.

Localization

Cell Surface

Specificity

This monoclonal antibody reacts with a 28kDa chain of HLA-DRB1 antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. It does not cross react with HLA-DP and HLA-DQ. The L243 antibody recognizes a different epitope than the LN3 monoclonal antibody, and these antibodies do not cross-block binding to each others respective epitopes. HLA-DR is a heterodimeric cell surface glycoprotein comprised of a 36kDa alpha (heavy) chain and a 28kDa beta (light) chain. It is expressed on B-cells, activated T-cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and other non-professional APCs. In conjunction with the CD3/TCR complex and CD4 molecules, HLA-DR is critical for efficient peptide presentation to CD4+ T cells. It is an excellent histiocytic marker in paraffin sections producing intense staining. True histiocytic neoplasms are similarly positive. HLA-DR antigens also occur on a variety of epithelial cells and their corresponding neoplastic counterparts. Loss of HLA-DR expression is related to tumor microenvironment and predicts adverse outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Mouse

Isotype

IgG2b Kappa

Description

The prediluted antibody does not require any mixing, dilution, reconstitution, or titration; the antibody is ready-to-use and optimized for staining.

Scientific Data Images for HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112] - Human Tonsil stained with HLA-DRB Monoclonal Antibody (LN-3).

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112] - Human Histiocytoma stained with HLA-DRB Monoclonal Antibody (LN-3).

Flow Cytometry: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112] -

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Raji cells. HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted followed by goat anti-Mouse IgG-CF488 (Blue); Isotype Control (Red).

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted [NBP2-48112] -

Immunofluorescence staining of Ramos cells using HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted followed by goat anti-Mouse IgG conjugated to CF488 (green). Nuclei are stained with Reddot.

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Applications for HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted

Application

Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Application Notes

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed): 1-2ug/ml for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires heating tissue sections in 10mM Tris with 1mM EDTA, pH 9.0, for 45 min at 95C followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.
Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Formulation

10 mM PBS with 0.05% BSA

Format

IHC-Prediluted

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C.

Background: HLA-DR

Human Leukocyte Antigen -DR isotype (HLA-DR) is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule expressed by antigen presenting cells (APCs) that plays a significant role in immune response (1). Class II molecules also include isoforms HLA-DP and -DQ (1,2). These type I membrane glycoproteins on APCs present peptides to helper T cells and T cell receptors on CD4+ cells (1). In humans, the genes encoding class II MHC proteins are located on chromosome 6p21, where HLA-DR is typically the most highly expressed, followed by HLA-DQ and then HLA-DP (3). Structurally, HLA-DR molecules are heterodimers consisting of an alpha chain subunit with an approximate theoretical molecular weight of 34 kDa and one of many approximately 30 kDa beta subunits (1-3). The alpha and beta genes are considered highly polymorphic with duplication resulting in nine DRB (beta subunit of HLA-DR) genes (DRB1-DRB9); though only DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, and DRB5 are considered functional (2,3). On the other hand, the alpha subunit is encoded by a single DRA gene (2,3). Studies focusing on the structural and biochemical properties of peptides that bind to HLA-DR molecules have helped contribute to subunit vaccine design and development (3).

Given the role in adaptive immunity, HLA-DR allele polymorphisms, gene misexpression, and dysfunction has been implicated in many diseases ranging from autoimmune disorders to cancer (2). HLA-DR is also a classical biomarker for disease, including sepsis where reduced expression of HLA-DR molecules on monocytes, as measured by flow cytometry, indicates diagnosis and prognosis (4,5). Immunosuppression observed with sepsis results in decreased surface expression of HLA-DR and concurrent increase in expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) (4). This altered expression results in poor T cell response and apoptosis, along with reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine release (4). Furthermore, the decrease in HLA-DR expression is also correlated with the decrease in CD14lowCD16+ inflammatory monocytes (5). Interestingly, COVID-19 patients also exhibit a reduction in HLA-DR that correlates with disease severity and immunosuppression (5).

References

1. Andersson G. (1998). Evolution of the human HLA-DR region. Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library. https://doi.org/10.2741/a317

2. Shiina, T., Hosomichi, K., Inoko, H., & Kulski, J. K. (2009). The HLA genomic loci map: expression, interaction, diversity and disease. Journal of human genetics. https://doi.org/10.1038/jhg.2008.5

3. Stern, L. J., & Calvo-Calle, J. M. (2009). HLA-DR: molecular insights and vaccine design. Current pharmaceutical design. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161209789105171

4. Zhuang, Y., Peng, H., Chen, Y., Zhou, S., & Chen, Y. (2017). Dynamic monitoring of monocyte HLA-DR expression for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of sepsis. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition). https://doi.org/10.2741/4547

5. Benlyamani, I., Venet, F., Coudereau, R., Gossez, M., & Monneret, G. (2020). Monocyte HLA-DR Measurement by Flow Cytometry in COVID-19 Patients: An Interim Review. Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology. https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.24249

Long Name

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DR

Alternate Names

HLA-DRA, HLADR, MHC Class II DR

Gene Symbol

HLA-DRA

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Product Specific Notices for HLA-DR Antibody (LN-3) - IHC-Prediluted

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.