Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), placental transforming growth factor-beta, prostate-derived factor, and placental bone morphogenetic protein, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate and colon. It is also widely expressed in brain. Similar to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxy-terminal domain. The carboxy-terminal domain of GDF-15 contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues necessary for the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Furthermore, the carboxy-terminal domain contains two additional cysteine residues that form a fourth intrachain disulfide bond. Biologically active GDF-15 is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 112 amino acid residues. Mature human GDF-15 shares 66.1% and 68.7% amino acid sequence similarity with rat and mouse GDF-15, respectively, which are remarkably low homologies between species in TGF-beta superfamily. GDF-15 has been shown to have various functions, including inhibition of production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, induction of cartilage formation, early-stage endochonadal bone formation, and promotion of neuronal survival.
Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems | Catalog # BAF940
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human, Primate
Cited:
Human
Applications
Validated:
Western Blot, ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair)
Cited:
Western Blot, ELISA Detection, ELISA Development, ELISA Development (Detection), Luminex Development
Label
Biotin
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
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Product Specifications
Immunogen
Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant human GDF-15 (R&D Systems, Catalog # 957-GD)
Ala197-Ile308
Accession # Q99988
Ala197-Ile308
Accession # Q99988
Specificity
Detects human GDF-15 in ELISAs and Western blots. In sandwich immunoassays, less than 0.1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human GDF‑11, recombinant mouse (rm) GDF-5, rmGDF-6, rmGDF-7, and rmGDF-8 is observed.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Goat
Isotype
IgG
Applications for Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody
Application
Recommended Usage
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Human GDF‑15 (Catalog # 957-GD)
Sample: Recombinant Human GDF‑15 (Catalog # 957-GD)
Human/Primate GDF-15 Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Reviewed Applications
Read 2 reviews rated 4 using BAF940 in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: GDF-15
References
- Bootcov, M.R. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:11514.
- Böttner, M. et al. (1999) Gene 237:105.
- Fairlie, W.D. et al. (1998) J. Leukoc. Biol 65:2.
- Fairlie, W.D. et al. (2001) J B.C 20:16911.
- Bauskin, A.R. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19:2212.
- Strelau, J. et al. (2000) J. Neurosci. 20:8597.
- Schober, A. et al. (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. 439:32.
Long Name
Growth Differentiation Factor 15
Alternate Names
GDF15, MIC-1, NAG-1, PDF, PLAB, PTGF-beta
Gene Symbol
GDF15
UniProt
Additional GDF-15 Products
Product Documents for Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody
For research use only
Related Research Areas
Citations for Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody
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Customer Reviews for Human/Primate GDF‑15 Biotinylated Antibody (2)
4 out of 5
2 Customer Ratings
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Application: ELISASample Tested: Serum and PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 11/08/2019This antibody was used as the detection in an ELISA along with MAB957 as the capture antibody. Human serum and plasma samples were measurable.
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Application: ELISASample Tested: Serum and PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 06/11/2019This antibody was used as the pair to MAB957 in an GDF-15 immunoassay.
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols
- R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol
- Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot Figures
- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars