Animal Free Proteins
Animal-free proteins are particularly important for researchers concerned with experimental variables caused by trace animal components or mammalian pathogens. Our products generated under animal-free conditions share the same biological activities as those produced using our standard laboratory techniques.

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human FGF-4 protein
Ser54-Leu206
Produced using non-animal reagents in an animal-free laboratory.

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Ser54, Leu55

Predicted Molecular Mass

17 kDa

SDS-PAGE

16 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using NR6R‑3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Raines, E.W. et al. (1985) Methods Enzymol. 109:749.
The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.25-1.25 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

AFL235

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Background: FGF-4

FGF-4 (fibroblast growth factor-4), also known as FGF-K or K-FGF (Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated FGF), is a 25 kDa secreted, heparin-binding member of the FGF family (1, 2). The human FGF-4 cDNA encodes 206 amino acids (aa) with a 33 aa signal sequence and a 173 aa mature protein with an FGF homology domain that contains a heparin binding region near the C-terminus (2). Mature human FGF-4 (aa 71-206) shares 91%, 82%, 94% and 91% aa identity with mouse, rat, canine and bovine FGF-4, respectively. Human FGF-4 has been shown to exhibit cross species activity. Expression of FGF-4 and its receptors, FGF R1c, 2c, 3c and 4, is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development (1, 3). Its expression in the mouse trophoblast inner cell mass promotes expression of FGF R2, and is required for maintenance of the trophectoderm and primitive endoderm (3-5). Later in mouse development, FGF-4 works together with FGF-8 to mediate the activities of the apical ectodermal ridge, which direct the outgrowth and patterning of vertebrate limbs (3, 6-9). FGF-4 is proposed to play a physiologically relevant role in human embryonic stem cell self-renewal. It promotes stem cell proliferation, but may also aid differentiation depending on context and concentration, and is often included in embryonic stem cell media in vitro (10-12). A C-terminally truncated 15 kDa isoform that opposes full-length FGF-4 and promotes differentiation is endogenously expressed in human embryonic stem cells. FGF-4 is mitogenic for fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro and has autocrine transforming potential (13). It is a potent angiogenesis promoter in vivo and has been investigated as therapy for coronary artery disease (14).

References

Reuss, B. and O. von Bohlen und Halbach (2003) Cell Tiss. Res. 313:139.
Hebert, J.M. et al. (1990) Dev. Biol. 138:454.
Niswander, L. and G.R. Martin (1992) Development 114:755.
Feldman, B. et al. (1995) Science 267:246.
Goldin, S.N. and V.E. Papaioannou (2003) Genesis 36:40.
Sun, X. et al. (2002) Nature 418:501.
Boulet, A.M. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 273:361.
Yu, K and D.M. Ornitz (2008) Development 135:483.
Mariani, F.V. et al. (2008) Nature 453:401.
Johannesson, M. et al. (2009) PLoS ONE 4:e4794.
Kunath, T. et al. (2007) Development 134:2895.
Mayshar, Y. et al. (2008) Stem Cells 26:767.
Hajitou, A. et al. (1998) Oncogene 17:2059.
Flynn, A. and T. O’Brien (2008) IDrugs 11:283.

Long Name

Fibroblast Growth Factor 4

Alternate Names

FGF4, HBGF-4, HST-1, KFGF, KS3

Entrez Gene IDs

2249 (Human); 14175 (Mouse); 116499 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

FGF4

UniProt

P08620

Additional FGF-4 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human FGF-4, Animal-Free Protein

Download Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Download SDS

Manufacturing Specifications

Animal-Free Manufacturing Conditions
Our dedicated controlled-access animal-free laboratories ensure that at no point in production are the products exposed to potential contamination by animal components or byproducts. Every stage of manufacturing is conducted in compliance with R&D Systems' stringent Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Production and purification procedures use equipment and media that are confirmed animal-free.

Production

All molecular biology procedures use animal-free media and dedicated labware.
Dedicated fermentors are utilized in committed animal-free areas.

Purification

Protein purification columns are animal-free.
Bulk proteins are filtered using animal-free filters.
Purified proteins are stored in animal-free containers in a dedicated cold storage room.

Quality Assurance

Low Endotoxin Level.
No impairment of biological activity.
High quality product obtained under stringent conditions.
For ex vivo research or bioproduction, additional documentation can be provided.

Please read our complete Animal-Free Statement