Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a O-glycosylated, four alpha -helix bundle cytokine that has potent stimulatory activity for antigen-activated T cells. It is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma delta T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils (1 - 3). Mature human IL-2 shares 56% and 66% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-2, respectively. Human and mouse IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity (4). The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes (5 - 7). The 55 kDa IL-2 R alpha is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. The 75 kDa IL-2 R beta, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. The 64 kDa common gamma chain gamma c/IL-2 R gamma, which is shared with the receptors for IL-4, -7, -9, -15, and -21, does not independently interact with IL-2. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL-2 R beta and gamma c. IL-2 is best known for its autocrine and paracrine activity on T cells. It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha synthesis (1, 2). It contributes to T cell homeostasis by promoting the Fas-induced death of naïve CD4+ T cells but not activated CD4+ memory lymphocytes (8). IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells (9 - 11). Thus, IL-2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity (12, 13).
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Product Specifications
Immunogen
Ala21-Thr153
Accession # P60568
Specificity
Clonality
Host
Isotype
Scientific Data Images for IL-2 Antibody [Biotin]
IL‑2 in Human PBMCs.
IL‑2 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with PMA and ionomycin using 15 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Primate IL‑2 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF202) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained (red) and counterstained (green). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.IL‑2 in Human PBMCs.
IL-2 was detected in immersion fixed PMA-, ionomycin-, and monensin-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Primate IL-2 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF202) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained with the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Streptavidin (red; Catalog # NL999) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.Human IL-2 ELISA Standard Curve
Recombinant Human IL‑2 (Catalog # 202-IL) was serially diluted and captured by Mouse Anti-Human/Primate IL‑2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB602) coated on a Clear Polystyrene Microplate (Catalog # DY990). Goat Anti-Human IL‑2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-202-NA) was biotinylated and incubated with the protein captured on the plate. Detection of the standard curve was achieved by incubating Streptavidin-HRP (Catalog # DY998)Applications for IL-2 Antibody [Biotin]
Immunocytochemistry
Sample: Immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with PMA and ionomycin
Western Blot
Sample: Recombinant Human IL‑2 (Catalog # 202-IL)
Human/Primate IL-2 Sandwich Immunoassay
Reviewed Applications
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Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
Formulation
Shipping
Stability & Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: IL-2
References
- Ma, A. et al. (2006) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 24:657.
- Gaffen, S.L. and K.D. Liu (2004) Cytokine 28:109.
- Taniguchi, T. et al. (1983) Nature 302:305.
- Mosmann, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813.
- Liparoto, S.F. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:2543.
- Wang, X. et al. (2005) Science 310:1159.
- Bodnar, A. et al. (2008) Immunol. Lett. 116:117.
- Jaleco, S. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:61.
- Malek, T.R. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 74:961.
- Laurence, A. et al. (2007) Immunity 26:371.
- Kryczek, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:6730.
- Afzali, B. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 148:32.
- Fehervari, Z. et al. (2006) Trends Immunol. 27:109.
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Additional IL-2 Products
Product Documents for IL-2 Antibody [Biotin]
Certificate of Analysis
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Product Specific Notices for IL-2 Antibody [Biotin]
For research use only
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Citations for IL-2 Antibody [Biotin]
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- Appropriate Fixation of IHC/ICC Samples
- Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols
- ClariTSA™ Fluorophore Kits
- Detection & Visualization of Antibody Binding
- ICC Cell Smear Protocol for Suspension Cells
- ICC Immunocytochemistry Protocol Videos
- ICC for Adherent Cells
- Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocol
- Immunocytochemistry Troubleshooting
- Immunofluorescence of Organoids Embedded in Cultrex Basement Membrane Extract
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocols
- Preparing Samples for IHC/ICC Experiments
- Preventing Non-Specific Staining (Non-Specific Binding)
- Primary Antibody Selection & Optimization
- Protocol for VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Detection Reagent
- Protocol for the Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cell Smears - Graphic
- Protocol for the Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cultured Cells on Coverslips - Graphic
- Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips
- Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells
- Protocol for the Preparation and Fluorescent ICC Staining of Stem Cells on Coverslips
- Protocol for the Preparation of a Cell Smear for Non-adherent Cell ICC - Graphic
- R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol
- TUNEL and Active Caspase-3 Detection by IHC/ICC Protocol
- The Importance of IHC/ICC Controls
- Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot Figures
- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars