alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NBP2-34760APC

Novus Biologicals
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Mouse, Rat, Porcine, Baboon, Bovine, Canine, Chicken, Feline, Goat, Guinea Pig, Monkey, Rabbit, Sheep

Cited:

Human

Applications

Validated:

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, Flow (Intracellular), Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, CyTOF-ready

Cited:

Flow Cytometry

Label

Allophycocyanin (Excitation = 620-650 nm, Emission = 660-670 nm)

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG2a Kappa Clone # SPM332
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Product Specifications

Immunogen

N-Terminal decapeptide of alpha smooth muscle isoform of actin and conjugated to KLH. (Uniprot: P62736)

Localization

Cytoplasmic

Marker

Leiomyosarcoma Marker

Specificity

Actin is a major component of the cytoskeleton and is present in most cell types. This monoclonal antibody is highly specific to actin from smooth muscles. Its epitope lies in the first four N-terminal amino acids. This monoclonal antibody does not stain cardiac or skeletal muscle; however, it does stain myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells. This antibody could be used together with anti-muscle specific actin and myogenin in making a diagnosis of smooth muscle and skeletal muscle tumors. In most cases of rhabdomyosarcoma, this antibody yields negative results whereas anti-muscle specific actin and myogenin are positive. Leiomyosarcomas are positive only with anti-muscle specific actin and anti-smooth muscle actin and are negative with anti-myogenin.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Mouse

Isotype

IgG2a Kappa

Description

This conjugate is made on demand. Actual recovery may vary from the stated volume of this product. The volume will be greater than or equal to the unit size stated on the datasheet.

Scientific Data Images for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

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alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin] [NBP2-34760APC] -

Cells expressing IL-1⍺ & IL-1R are observed in the fibrotic liver environment. (a) Cytokines in tissue lysates from mice at 9 wpi were measured by ELISA in liver. Data are presented as fold change relative to the mean of uninfected levels. N = 11–12 mice per group, pooled from three independent experiments. (b) IL-1 alpha levels in the sera at 9 wpi measured by ELISA. N = 9–14 mice per group, pooled from four independent experiments. (c) Immunofluorescence labeling of nuclei (DAPI white), IL-1⍺ (green), CD45 (red), & collagen1⍺1 (blue) in the liver of UI or 9 wpi WT mice. Number of cells staining positive for CD45 and/or IL-1⍺, average 2–3 fields of view where immune infiltrate was present from 3 mice per  condition are quantified on the right. Error bars are standard deviation. (d) Immunofluorescent labeling of nuclei (DAPI white), ⍺-smooth muscle actin (green), IL-1R (red), & collagen1⍺ (blue) in the liver of uninfected or 9 wpi WT. Inset, arrow head represents ⍺-smooth muscle actin/IL-1R co-staining cells (arrow heads). Number of cells staining positive for IL-1R and/or ⍺-SMA, average of 4–8 fields of view from 3 mice are quantified on the right. Error bars are standard deviation. (c,d) represent maximum intensity projections of 9–13 μm thick z-stacks. Scale bar represents 50 μm. Error bars are standard error of the mean except where noted otherwise. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 by unpaired Student’s t test. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32973293), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.
alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin] [NBP2-34760APC] -

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin] [NBP2-34760APC] - IL-1 induces contractility & alpha smooth muscle actin expression in murine embryonic fibroblasts & primary hepatic stellate cells. (a–c) MEFs were incubated with media, 10 ng/mL IL-1 alpha, 150 pg/mL IL-1 beta or 10 ng/mL TGF beta -1 for 48 h. After fixation, MEFs were stained for F-actin, & alpha-smooth muscle actin ( alpha -SMA). Cell spreading was quantified in (b), & levels of alpha -SMA expression were quantified in (c) as the mean relative to untreated for each biological replicate (left panels) or the single cell data pooled from three biological replicate experiments (right panels). For each experiment, 50–200 cells/group were analyzed. (d–f) Primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from uninfected mouse livers, & FACS-sorted based on endogenous retinoid fluorescence (d). (e,f) HSCs were seeded onto 4 kPa hydrogels coated with 10 μg/mL of fibronectin & cultured with 10 ng/mL IL-1 alpha, 10 ng/mL TGF-beta, or media alone for 48 h & then fixed & stained for F-actin & alpha -SMA & imaged by confocal microscopy. Scale bar represents 50 μm. Total cell area quantified in (e) & levels of alpha -SMA expression were quantified in terms of pixels/cell in (f) as the mean relative to untreated for each biological replicate (left panels) or the single cell data pooled from four biological replicate experiments (right panels). Error bars are standard error of the mean. For the left panels, data were compared by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32973293), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Applications for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Application
Recommended Usage

CyTOF-ready

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Flow (Intracellular)

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Flow Cytometry

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Immunohistochemistry

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Western Blot

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Application Notes
Use in Immunofluorescence reported by customer review.

Reviewed Applications

Read 1 review rated 5 using NBP2-34760APC in the following applications:

Spectra Viewer

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Advanced Features

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  • Antigen Density Selector - Match fluorochrome brightness with antigen density
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Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Formulation

PBS

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C in the dark.

Background: alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin

Actin proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotic cells and are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity. Actin and myosin are involved in a myriad of cellular processes including locomotion, secretion, cytoplasmic streaming, phagocytosis and cytokinesis. Actin filaments, along with microtubules, comprise a major component of the cytoskeleton and play essential roles in regulating cell shape and movement. Actin has been found to be expressed in at least six isoforms, each encoded by a separate gene and expressed in a developmentally regulated and tissue-specific manner. Alpha, beta and gamma actin isoforms have been identified. Alpha actins are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus, whereas beta and gamma actins are involved in the regulation of cell motility.

ACTA2 encodes alpha Smooth Muscle Actin and is also known as alpha-actin, alpha-actin-2, aortic smooth muscle or alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA, SMactin, alpha-SM-actin, ASMA). Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin is frequently used as a marker of smooth muscle differentiation and has a theoretical molecular weight of 42 kDa. Smooth muscle alpha actin is one of a few genes whose expression is predominantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells that is used to study myofibroblasts and fibrosis (1). Excessive accumulation of alpha smooth muscle actin-positive (ACTA2+) activated myofibroblasts is observed in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2). Expression of smooth muscle alpha actin is regulated by cell proliferation and is altered in pathological conditions including atherosclerosis and is common in metastatic cancers (1,3).

References

1. Chakraborty, R., Saddouk, F. Z., Carrao, A. C., Krause, D. S., Greif, D. M., & Martin, K. A. (2019). Promoters to Study Vascular Smooth Muscle. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 39(4), 603-612. doi:10.1161/atvbaha.119.312449

2.El Agha, E., Moiseenko, A., Kheirollahi, V., De Langhe, S., Crnkovic, S., Kwapiszewska, G.,... Bellusci, S. (2017). Two-Way Conversion between Lipogenic and Myogenic Fibroblastic Phenotypes Marks the Progression and Resolution of Lung Fibrosis. Cell Stem Cell, 20(2), 261-273.e263. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.10.004

3. Chen, Y. C., Gonzalez, M. E., Burman, B., Zhao, X., Anwar, T., Tran, M.,... Kleer, C. G. (2019). Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Engulfment Reveals Metastatic Advantage in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep, 27(13), 3916-3926.e3915. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.084

Long Name

Actin, Alpha 2, Smooth Muscle, Aorta

Alternate Names

AAT6, ACTA2, Actin alpha 2, ACTSA, ACTVS, alphaSmooth Muscle Actin, MYMY5, SMA

Gene Symbol

ACTA2

Additional alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Products

Product Documents for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Product Specific Notices for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Citations for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

Customer Reviews for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin] (1)

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Customer Images


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  • alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]
    Name: Francesca Azar
    Application: Immunofluorescence-Paraffin
    Sample Tested: Mammary gland tissue
    Species: Mouse
    Verified Customer | Posted 05/16/2019
    Red: alpha-smooth muscle actin, Blue: DAPI; Green: CD140alpha; mouse mammary gland
    alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin] NBP2-34760APC

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Protocols

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FAQs for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (SPM332) [Allophycocyanin]

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  • Q: I do not see horse listed as a predicted or confirmed species. Would you be able to confirm if any of your alpha-SMA antibodies will react with equine samples?

    A: We have not directly tested equine samples nor do we have cited publications that have tested equine samples. Since alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin is a highly conserved sequence, these antibodies should react with most mammal species.

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