Canine IL-8/CXCL8 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488‑conjugated Antibody

Interleukin 8 (IL-8), also named monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF), neutrophil-activating protein 1 (NAP-1), neutrophil-activating factor (NAF) and granulocyte chemotactic peptide (GCP), belongs to the Glu-Leu-Arg motif containing (ELR⁺) CXC chemokine family and has been designated CXCL8. IL-8 is a potent neutrophil chemoattractant that recruits neutrophils to sites of inflammation. IL-8 also activates neutrophil functions and through a poorly understood mechanism, promotes angiogenesis. The biological activites of IL-8 is mediated by two types of G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2. In normal tissues, IL-8 expression and secretion is barely detectable. Upon stimulation by a wide range of pro-inflammatory signals including exposure to IL-1, TNF, bacterial or viral products, IL-8 production is rapidly induced in many different cell types. Secreted IL-8 is not glycosylated but has N‑terminal sequence heterogenecity due to proteolytic processing. In human, two major forms, the 72 amino acid (aa) monocyte-derived IL-8 and the 77 aa endothelial IL-8 have been identified. Whereas the 72 aa isoform is a more potent chemoattractant, only the 77 aa isoform can induce apoptosis in leukemic cells. The N‑terminal pentapeptide in the 77 aa isoform has been identified as the active site for the IL-8 apoptotic activity. Canine IL-8 encodes a 101 aa precursor protein with a putative 22 aa signal peptide. It shares 77% and 87% aa sequence identity with human and porcine IL-8, respectively. Similar to human IL-8, recombinant canine IL-8 also undergoes
N‑terminal processing. Two major peptides (the 79 aa and 74 aa variants that differ by an analogous N‑terminal pentapeptide) are present in the recombinant canine IL-8 preparations.