CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NB100-64849

Novus Biologicals
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human

Cited:

Human

Applications

Validated:

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation

Cited:

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, IF/IHC

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG2A Clone # BNI3

Format

BSA Free
View all CTLA-4 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Human CTLA-4/human IgG heavy chain fusion protein

Specificity

NB100-64849 recognizes the human CD152 cell surface antigen, also known as CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4). CD152 is a 45kD glycoprotein, expressed normally as a disulphide-linked homodimer. It is expressed transiently on the surface of T cells following activation (peaking at 3 days), but is often present with the cytoplasm. CD152 is a ligand for CD80 and CD86, and is important in cellular interactions during the immune response.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Mouse

Isotype

IgG2A

Scientific Data Images for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) ELISA: CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) [NB100-64849] -

ELISA: CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) [NB100-64849] -

ELISA: CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) [NB100-64849] - Human Anti-Abatacept Antibody bridging ELISA for Pharmacokinetic (PK) assay development

A microtiter plate was coated overnight with Mouse Anti-Human CD152 Antibody, clone BNI3 at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. After washing and blocking with PBST + 5% BSA, 10% human serum was added spiked with increasing concentrations of abatacept. Detection was performed using HRP conjugated Human Anti-Abatacept Antibody, clone AbD37058ia at a concentration of 2 µg/ml in HISPEC Assay Diluent followed by QuantaBlu Fluorogenic Peroxidase Substrate. Data are shown as the mean of three measurements. HRP conjugation of the antibody used in this assay was performed using a LYNX Rapid HRP Antibody Conjugation Kit.

Applications for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Flow Cytometry

Neat - 1:10

Immunohistochemistry

1:10 - 1:500

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen

5 ug/mL - 50 ug/mL

Immunoprecipitation

1:10 - 1:500
Application Notes
Use in IHC-P reported in scientific literature (PMID:34513744). Membrane permeabilization is required for Flow Cytometry. The epitope recognised by this antibody is reported to be sensitive to formaldehyde fixation and tissue processing. The use of acetone fixation for frozen sections is recommended.

Reviewed Applications

Read 1 review rated 4 using NB100-64849 in the following applications:

Flow Cytometry Panel Builder

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Flow Cytometry

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A purified

Formulation

PBS

Format

BSA Free

Preservative

0.09% Sodium Azide

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: CTLA-4

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin family with a role in regulation of T cell activation (1). Human CTLA-4 is a 223 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretical molecular weight of 24.6 kDa containing a leader peptide, a IgV-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (1,2). CTLA-4 is both structurally and functionally related with another member of the immunoglobulin-related receptor family, CD28 (1-3). CTLA-4 and CD28 receptors are both expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and share two common ligands, CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2), expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) (2,3). While CD28 is present on the plasma membrane of T cells, CTLA-4 is predominantly expressed intracellularly on vesicles in FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and activated T cells due to endocytosis (3). While they share ligands, the two receptors have opposing functions in T cell activation; CD28 is involved in activation of T cells, while CTLA-4 functions as a negative regulator of T cell response (2,3). One of the primary functions of CTLA-4 is preventing autoimmunity (1-4).

Similar to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), CTLA-4 is an inhibitory immune checkpoint protein (3,5). Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy using drugs or antibodies to target CTLA-4 is one of the main approaches for cancer treatment (5). A number of drugs targeting CTLA-4, or a combination of CTLA-4/PD-1, have been approved for treatment of various cancers like melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer (5). While blocking CTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment is a promising cancer therapeutic, the absence of CTLA-4 under normal conditions can have deleterious effects. Studies have found that patients with CTLA-4 deficiency or mutations have clinical features associated with autoimmunity and immune dysregulation (4). Treatment options for CTLA-4 deficiency includes immunoglobulin-replacement therapy, corticosteroids, CTLA-4-immunoglobulin (Ig) fusion protein, and, in life-threatening cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (4,6). Additionally, engaging CD80/CD86 with CTLA-4-Ig is a common immunosuppressive treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and kidney transplant recipients (6).

References

1. Romo-Tena, J., Gomez-Martin, D., & Alcocer-Varela, J. (2013). CTLA-4 and autoimmunity: new insights into the dual regulator of tolerance. Autoimmunity reviews, 12(12), 1171-1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2013.07.002

2. Hosseini, A., Gharibi, T., Marofi, F., Babaloo, Z., & Baradaran, B. (2020). CTLA-4: From mechanism to autoimmune therapy. International immunopharmacology, 80, 106221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106221

3. Rowshanravan, B., Halliday, N., & Sansom, D. M. (2018). CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood, 131(1), 58-67. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-06-741033

4. Verma, N., Burns, S. O., Walker, L., & Sansom, D. M. (2017). Immune deficiency and autoimmunity in patients with CTLA-4 (CD152) mutations. Clinical and experimental immunology, 190(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12997

5. Rotte A. (2019). Combination of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockers for treatment of cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 38(1), 255. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1259-z

6. Bluestone, J. A., St Clair, E. W., & Turka, L. A. (2006). CTLA4Ig: bridging the basic immunology with clinical application. Immunity, 24(3), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2006.03.001

Long Name

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated Molecule 4

Alternate Names

CD152, CTLA4

Entrez Gene IDs

1493 (Human)

Gene Symbol

CTLA4

UniProt

P16410

Additional CTLA-4 Products

Product Documents for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Citations for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free

Customer Reviews for CTLA-4 Antibody (BNI3) - BSA Free (1)

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  • Name: Anonymous
    Application: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
    Sample Tested: human tonsil
    Species: Human
    Verified Customer | Posted 11/06/2015

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