Human MD-2 Antibody
Human MD-2 Antibody Summary
Glu17-Asn160
Accession # NP_001123946
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Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
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Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: MD2
MD-2, also known as lymphocyte antigen 96 and ESOP-1, is a secreted glycoprotein that shares conserved cysteine residues and significant sequence similarity (23%) with MD-1. The gene of human MD-2 encodes a 160 amino acid residue (aa) precursor protein with a 16 aa signal peptide and a 144 aa mature protein, which contains 2 N-glycosylation sites (1). Recombinant secreted MD-2 has been found to exist as disulfide-linked dimers and oligomers (2).
Both MD-1 and MD-2 are accessory molecules that associate with the extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRR) of Toll-like receptor (TLR) family members, which are type I transmembrane receptors that regulate innate immune responses to microbial pathogens (3, 4). MD-1 binds to RP105 on B cells and macrophages to form the signaling receptor complex for lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Similarly, MD-2 interacts with TLR-4 to form the heteromeric receptor that confers LPS responsiveness. MD-2 also associates with TLR-2, albeit with less avidity, to confer responsiveness to cell wall components from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. MD-1 and MD-2 are also required for the correct targeting of the TLRs to the cell surface. Although MD-2 glycosylation is not crucial for its surface expression and interaction with TLR-4, it is required for LPS binding and signaling (5).
- Shimazu, R. et al. (1999) J. Exp. Med. 189:1777.
- Visintin, A. et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:12156.
- Nagai, Y. et al. (2002) Nature Immunology 3:667.
- Akashi, S. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:1035.
- Correia, J. and R. Ulevitch (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:1845.
Product Datasheets
Citation for Human MD-2 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
1 Citation: Showing 1 - 1
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PTX3 binds MD-2 and promotes TRIF-dependent immune protection in aspergillosis.
Authors: Bozza S, Campo S, Arseni B, Inforzato A, Ragnar L, Bottazzi B, Mantovani A, Moretti S, Oikonomous V, De Santis R, Carvalho A, Salvatori G, Romani L
J Immunol, 2014;193(5):2340-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Protein
Applications: Functional Assay
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