Tie-1/Tie (tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains 1) and Tie-2/Tek comprise a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) subfamily with unique structural characteristics: two immunoglobulin-like domains flanking three epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains and followed by three fibronectin type III-like repeats in the extracellular region and a split tyrosine kinase domain in the cytoplasmic region. These receptors are expressed primarily on endothelial and hematopoietic progenitor cells and play critical roles in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis.
Human Tie-1 cDNA encodes a 1138 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 24 residue putative signal peptide, a 735 residue extracellular domain and a 354 residue cytoplasmic domain. Ligands which bind and activate Tie-1 have not been identified. Based on gene-targeting studies, the in vivo functions of Tie-1 have been shown to be related to endothelial cell differentiation and the maintenance of integrity of the endothelium.
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