E-Selectin mediates the attachment of flowing leukocytes to the blood vessel wall during inflammation by binding to E-Selectin ligands on leukocytes. These interactions are labile and permit leukocytes to roll along the vascular endothelium in the direction of blood flow. This initial interaction is followed by a stronger interaction involving ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 that leads eventually to extravasation of the white blood cell through the blood vessel wall into the extracellular matrix tissue.
ELISA techniques have shown that detectable levels of soluble E-Selectin are present in the biological fluids of apparently normal individuals. Furthermore, a number of studies have reported that levels of E-Selectin may be elevated in subjects with a variety of pathological conditions.
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