Purmorphamine
Chemical Name: 9-Cyclohexyl-N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-9H-purin-6-amine
Purity: ≥98%
Biological Activity
Purmorphamine is a smoothened (Smo) receptor agonist (EC50 ~ 1 μM) and activates the Hedgehog pathway. Purmorphamine induces osteogenesis in mouse mesenchymal progenitor cells (C3H10T1/2). When combined with BMP-4, Purmorphamine can transdifferentiate pre-adipocytes (3T3-L1) and myoblasts (C2C12) into osteoblasts. Purmorphamine induces differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells into osteoblasts, and of spinal motor neurons from pluripotent human stem cells, and protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Applications in hiPSCs
Dopaminergic Neurons Derived from hiPSCs using Purmorphamine
Dopaminergic neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using SB 431542 (Cat. No. 1614), CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. 4423), DAPT (Cat. No. 2634) and Purmorphamine. Cells cultured in Neuronal Media supplemented with TGF-3 (Cat. No. 8420-B3, R&D Systems), cAMP, GDNF (Cat. No. 212-GD, R&D Systems), BDNF (Cat. No. 248-BDB, R&D Systems), N21-MAX (Cat. No. AR008, R&D Systems). Differentiation shown at days 55 (left) and 62 (right). Images courtesy of Kevin Flynn, Bio-Techne.
Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Background References
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Purmorphamine induces osteogenesis by activation of the hedgehog signaling pathway.
Wu et al.
Chem.Biol., 2004;11:1229 -
Purmorphamine activates the Hedgehog pathway by targeting Smoothened.
Sinha et al.
Nat.Chem.Biol., 2006;2:29 -
A small molecule with osteogenesis-inducing activity in multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells.
Wu et al.
J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2002;124:14520
Product Datasheets
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Citations for Purmorphamine
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for Purmorphamine include:
8 Citations: Showing 1 - 8
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Single-Cell Sequencing of iPSC-DA Neurons Reconstructs Disease Progression and Identifies HDAC4 as a Regulator of Parkinson Cell Phenotypes.
Authors: Lang Et al.
Cell Stem Cell 2019;24:93
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FGF Modulates the Axial Identity of Trunk hPSC-Derived Neural Crest but Not the Cranial-Trunk Decision.
Authors: Hackland Et al.
Stem Cell Reports 2019;12:920
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IFT80 is required for stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and odontoblast polarization during tooth development.
Authors: Yuan Et al.
Cell Death Dis 2019;10:63
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A stably self-renewing adult blood-derived induced neural stem cell exhibiting patternability and epigenetic rejuvenation.
Authors: Sheng Et al.
Nat Commun 2018;9:4047
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Th17 lymphocytes induce neuronal cell death in a human iPSC-based model of Parkinson's disease.
Authors: Sommer Et al.
Cell Stem Cell. 2018;23:123
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Super-Obese Patient-Derived iPSC Hypothalamic Neurons Exhibit Obesogenic Signatures and Hormone Responses.
Authors: Rajamani Et al.
Cell Stem Cell 2018;22:698
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Zooming in on Cryopreservation of hiPSCs and Neural Derivatives: A Dual-Center Study Using Adherent Vitrification.
Authors: Kaindl Et al.
Stem Cells Transl Med 2018;
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Ciliary IFT80 balances canonical versus non-canonical hedgehog signalling for osteoblast differentiation.
Authors: Yuan Et al.
J Immunol 2016;7:11024
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