Recombinant Human HA-LC3A Vinyl Sulfone Protein, CF

Recombinant Human HA-LC3A Vinyl Sulfone Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: LC3A

Human Microtubule-associated Protein (MAP) Light Chain 3 (LC3) A is a121 amino acid (aa) protein with a predicted molecular weight of 14 kDa. It is a member of the LC3 subfamily of Autophagy-related 8 (Atg8) proteins (1). The LC3 subfamily also includes LC3B andLC3C. LC3 exhibits 100% aa sequence identity with its mouse and rat orthologs, and is orthologous to the yeast autophagy-related protein Atg8. Atg8 family members show structural similarity with Ubiquitin, but lack aa sequence similarity. LC3 was originally described as part is part of a complex that includes heavy and light chains comprising the MAP1 family of microtubule regulatory proteins (3). However, LC3 has gained attention for MAP1-independent functions in autophagy. LC3 utilizes a ubiquitin-like conjugation system that includes E1-, E2-, and E3-like enzymes to covalently attach phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to its C-terminus, incorporating it into the phagophore membrane during the early stages of autophagasome formation (4). Recruitment of LC3 to the phagophore may promote membrane elongation (4,5). It may also be involved in cargo recruitment to autophagosomes (1). LC3 is often used as a marker of autophagy.

This N-terminal HA-tagged Apg8 protein is a potent, irreversible and specific inhibitor of Agp8-specific isopeptidases (such as Apg84B, Catalog # E-400). Apg84B activities include the processing of Apg8 precursor proteins and the removal of Apg8 proteins that are conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine during autophagy. These processes can be inhibited by this vinyl sulfone derivative which reacts with the Apg84B active site cysteine. The HA peptide sequence (YPYDVPDYA) is derived from the influenza hemagglutinin protein. This epitope allows for the sensitive identification or purification of such deconjugating activities since it is specifically recognized by anti-HA antibodies and/or anti-HA-agarose.

Related Research Areas

• Autophagy
• Ubiquitin-like Modifiers (UBLs) and Regulators