Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Recombinant Monoclonal Rabbit IgG Clone # 2315B
View all Galectin-9 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293 derived human Galectin-9
Met1-Thr323
Accession # O00182

Specificity

Detects Human Galectin-9 in direct ELISA.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for Human Galectin‑9 Antibody

Detection of Galectin‑9 in HEK293 cells by Flow Cytometry.

HEK293 cell line transfected with Galectin-9 (filled histogram) vs irrelevant HEK293 transfectant cells (open histogram) were stained with Rabbit Anti-Human Galectin‑9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB9064). To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004). View our protocol for Staining Intracellular Molecules.

Applications for Human Galectin‑9 Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry

0.25 µg/106 cells
Sample: HEK293 cell line transfected with Galectin-9 vs irrelevant HEK293 transfectant cells, fixed and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004).

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Flow Cytometry

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: Galectin-9

Galectins comprise a family of multifunctional carbohydrate-binding proteins with specificity for N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. At least 14 mammalian Galectins share structural similarities in their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD), forming three groups: prototype (one CRD), tandem-repeat (two CRDs), and chimeric (one CRD, unique N-terminus) (1, 2). Full length Galectin-9 is a widely expressed 39 kDa tandem-repeat Galectin that contains two CRDs connected by a linker region (3). Progressive deletion within the linker region generates a 36 kDa isoform, also known as Ecalectin or UAT, as well as a 35 kDa isoform (4). This recombinant protein corresponds to the Ecalectin isoform of human Galectin-9 and shares 70% and 73% aa sequence identity with the corresponding regions of mouse and rat Galectin-9, respectively. Galectin-9 exhibits a wide range of activities. All three isoforms function as eosinophil chemoattractants (5, 6). This activity is destroyed by thrombin-mediated cleavage within the linker region of the long isoform, although the Ecalectin isoform is resistant to thrombin (7). Galectin-9 binds to carbohydrate moieties of IgE, thereby preventing immune complex formation, mast cell degranulation, and asthmatic and cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions (8). Independent of its lectin properties, Galectin-9 induces the maturation of dendritic cells which promote Th1 polarization (9). Galectin-9 induces cellular apoptosis in part by direct binding to TIM-3 (10, 11). Its interaction with TIM-3 inhibits Th1 cell and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses and also promotes regulatory T cell differentiation and activity (11, 12). Galectin-9 suppresses tumor cell metastasis by interfering with the associations between hyaluronic acid and CD44 and between VCAM-1 and Integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (13). The Ecalectin isoform (UAT; urate transporter) can also be expressed as an integral membrane protein and mediate the cellular efflux of urate (14).

References

  1. Heusschen, R. et al. (2013) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1836:177.
  2. Elola, M. T. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 64:1679.
  3. Tureci, O. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:6416.
  4. Chabot, S. et al. (2002) Glycobiology 12:111.
  5. Matsumoto, R. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:1961.
  6. Sato, M. et al. (2002) Glycobiology 12:191.
  7. Nishi, N. et al. (2006) Glycobiology 16:15C.
  8. Niki, T. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:32344.
  9. Dai, S.-Y. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 175:2974.
  10. Seki, M. et al. (2007) Arthritis Rheum. 56:3968.
  11. Zhu, C. et al. (2005) Nat. Immunol. 6:1245.
  12. Sehrawat, S. et al. (2010) PloS Pathogens 6:e1000882.
  13. Nobumoto, A. et al. (2008) Glycobiology 18:735.
  14. Leal-Pinto, E. et al. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 283:F150.

Alternate Names

Ecalectin, GAL9, Galectin9, LGALS9

Entrez Gene IDs

3965 (Human); 16859 (Mouse)

Gene Symbol

LGALS9

UniProt

O00182

Additional Galectin-9 Products

Product Documents for Human Galectin‑9 Antibody

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Human Galectin‑9 Antibody

For research use only

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