Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human

Cited:

Human

Applications

Validated:

Neutralization

Cited:

Immunocytochemistry

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG1 Clone # 680018
View all PDGF-D Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human PDGF‑DD
Ser250-Arg370
Accession # Q9GZP0.1

Specificity

Detects human PDGF‑D in direct ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) PDGF, rhPDGF-AA, rhPDGF-AB, rhPDGF-BB, rhPDGF-C, or recombinant rat PDGF-AB is observed.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Mouse

Isotype

IgG1

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Scientific Data Images for Human PDGF‑D Antibody

Cell Proliferation Induced by PDGF‑DD and Neutralization by Human PDGF‑D Antibody.

Cell Proliferation Induced by PDGF‑DD and Neutralization by Human PDGF‑D Antibody.

Recombinant Human PDGF-DD (Catalog # 1159-SB) stimulates proliferation in the NR6R-3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human PDGF-DD (0.75 ug/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse Anti-Human PDGF-D Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB1159). The ND50 is typically 1.5-7.5 µg/mL.
Detection of PDGF-D by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Detection of PDGF-D by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Antioxidant effect of enriched proteins in SHED-CM. (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of MitoSOX analysis with nuclear DAPI staining of human acinar cell line 24 h after irradiation. Scale bar: 100 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensities of MitoSOX analysis. The average fluorescence intensities were significantly higher in the irradiated cells treated with SHED-CM together with anti-PDGF-D antibodies or anti-HGF antibodies than those treated with SHED-CM alone. The antioxidant effect of SHED-CM was most strongly inhibited after treatment with four neutralizing antibodies together. Comparisons between groups were analyzed using an ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test. Data are represented as mean ± SD (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). CM, conditioned medium; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; Fibro, fibroblast; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; SHED, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36792628), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of PDGF-D by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Detection of PDGF-D by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Antioxidant effect of enriched proteins in SHED-CM. (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of MitoSOX analysis with nuclear DAPI staining of human acinar cell line 24 h after irradiation. Scale bar: 100 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensities of MitoSOX analysis. The average fluorescence intensities were significantly higher in the irradiated cells treated with SHED-CM together with anti-PDGF-D antibodies or anti-HGF antibodies than those treated with SHED-CM alone. The antioxidant effect of SHED-CM was most strongly inhibited after treatment with four neutralizing antibodies together. Comparisons between groups were analyzed using an ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test. Data are represented as mean ± SD (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). CM, conditioned medium; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; Fibro, fibroblast; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; SHED, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36792628), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Applications for Human PDGF‑D Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize PDGF‑DD-induced proliferation in the NR6R‑3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line. Raines, E. W. et al. (1985) Methods Enzymol. 109:749. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 1.5-7.5 µg/mL in the presence of 0.75 ug/mL Recombinant Human PDGF‑DD.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Reconstitution

Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: PDGF-D

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family consists of four disulfide-linked homodimers and one heterodimer (PDGF-AB). These proteins regulate diverse cellular functions through interactions with PDGF R alpha and R beta (1, 2). Mature PDGF-DD associates with PDGF R beta and triggers signaling through PDGF R beta homodimers and PDGF R alpha / beta heterodimers (3‑5). The human PDGF-DD cDNA encodes a 370 amino acid (aa) precursor that includes a 23 aa signal sequence, one CUB domain, and one PDGF/VEGF domain (3, 4). The PDGF/VEGF domain shares 27‑35% aa sequence identity with the corresponding regions of other PDGF family members. Human PDGF-DD shares 87% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat PDGF-DD. PDGF-DD is secreted as a100 kDa latent homodimer which is activated by proteolysis to release a 35 kDa bioactive protein containing the PDGF/VEGF homology domain (3,4,6,7). A splice variant of PDGF-DD has a 6 aa deletion near the N-terminus. A 72 aa deletion within the PDGF/VEGF domain generates an inactive protein in mouse but has not been detected in human (8). PDGF-DD is widely expressed in embryonic and adult tissues (3, 9, 10), and PDGF R beta is expressed in a generally complementary pattern (9, 11, 12). PDGF-DD functions as a growth factor for renal artery smooth muscle cells and lens epithelial cells, and as a macrophage chemoattractant (5, 9‑11). PDGF-DD is overexpressed in and contributes to several disease states, including renal and hepatic fibrosis, mesangial proliferative glomerulopathy, pulmonary lymphoid infiltration, and many cancers (6, 11‑15). PDGF-DD functions in both paracrine and autocrine manners (6, 7, 14).

References

  1. Reigstad, L.J. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:5723.
  2. Fredriksson, L. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:197.
  3. LaRochelle, W.J. et al. (2001) Nat. Cell Biol. 3:517.
  4. Bergsten, E. et al. (2001) Nat. Cell Biol. 3:512.
  5. Uutela, M. et al. (2004) Blood 104:3198.
  6. Ustach, C.V. and H-R.C. Kim (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:6279. 
  7. Ustach, C.V. et al. (2004) Canc. Res. 64:1722.
  8. Zhuo, Y. et al. (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308:126.
  9. Changsirikulchai, S. et al. (2002) Kid. Int. 62:2043.
  10. Ray, S. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:8494.
  11. Hudkins, K.L. et al. (2004) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 15:286.
  12. Lokker, N.A. et al. (2002) Canc. Res. 62:3729.
  13. Taneda, S. et al. (2003) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14:2544.
  14. LaRochelle, W.J. et al. (2002) Canc. Res. 62:2468.
  15. Xu, L. et al. (2005) Canc. Res. 65:5711.

Long Name

Platelet-derived Growth Factor D

Alternate Names

PDGFD

Entrez Gene IDs

80310 (Human); 71785 (Mouse); 66018 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

PDGFD

UniProt

Q9GZP0.1

Additional PDGF-D Products

Product Documents for Human PDGF‑D Antibody

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Human PDGF‑D Antibody

For research use only

Related Research Areas

PDGF Family

Citations for Human PDGF‑D Antibody

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