Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein

Name: Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: Qk010
Price: 862 USD
Availability: InStock

R&D Systems | Catalog # Qk010

Submit a review

Product Documents

Human/Bovine/Porcine

100% Guarantee

Product Specifications
Scientific Data
Preparation & Storage
Calculators
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Accession Number

P01137.2

Applications

Bioactivity

View all TGF-beta 1 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived TGF-beta 1 protein

Purity

Single species with expected mass

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Predicted Molecular Mass

24 kDa (dimer)

SDS-PAGE

Dimeric TGF- beta 1 PLUS protein only

Activity

No significant difference between EC₅₀ of reference and test lots

Mycoplasma

Negative when tested in both ribosomal RNA hybridization and luminescence assays

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein

Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein Bioactivity

TGF-beta 1 PLUS activity is determined using the firefly luciferase reporter assay (*) in transiently transfected HEK293T cells. Cells are treated in triplicate with a serial dilution of TGF-beta 1. Firefly luciferase activity is measured and normalized to control Renilla luciferase activity. EC₅₀ = 34.8 pg/ml (1.5 pM). *Promega pGL4.33[luc2P/SRE/Hygro] #E1340

Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein SDS-PAGE

TGF-beta 1 PLUS (Qk010) dimer migrates as a single band at 24 kDa in non-reducing (NR) and 13 kDa as a single monomeric species upon reduction (R). High purity yield of dimeric protein (bioactive form).Purified recombinant protein (7 μg) was resolved using 15% w/v SDS-PAGE in reduced (+ beta -mercaptoethanol, R) and non-reduced conditions (NR) and stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R250.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Qk010

Formulation	Lyophilized from acetonitrile/TFA
Reconstitution	Resuspend in 10mM HCl at >100 µg/ml, prepare single use aliquots, add carrier protein if desired.
Shipping	The product is shipped lyophilized at ambient temperture, on ice blocks or dry ice. Shipping at ambient temperture does not affect the bioactivity or stability of the protein. Upon reciept, store immediately at the conditions stated below.
Stability & Storage	Store lyophilized protein between -20 and -80 °C until the date of expiry. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Background: TGF-beta 1

TGF‑ beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF‑ beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1‑7). TGF‑ beta 1, ‑2 and ‑3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (1‑4). Each TGF‑ beta isoform has some non‑redundant functions; for TGF‑ beta 1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation (2). Human TGF‑ beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N‑terminal 249 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal 112 aa mature TGF‑ beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF‑ beta 1 remain non‑covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF‑ beta 1 complex (8‑10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF‑ beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF‑ beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF‑ beta 1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog and cow TGF‑ beta 1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and horse TGF‑ beta 1. It demonstrates cross‑species activity (1). TGF‑ beta 1 signaling begins with high‑affinity binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF‑ beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF‑ beta RI (also called activin receptor‑like kinase (ALK) ‑5), or alternatively, ALK‑1. This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF‑ beta RIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF‑ beta in different contexts (11).

References

Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono (2008) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press p. 29.
Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
Derynck, R. et al. (1985) Nature 316:701.
Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.

Long Name

Transforming Growth Factor beta 1

Alternate Names

TGF beta1, TGFB, TGFB1, TGFbeta 1

Entrez Gene IDs

7040 (Human); 21803 (Mouse); 59086 (Rat); 397078 (Porcine); 100033900 (Equine)

Gene Symbol

TGFB1

UniProt

P01137.2

Additional TGF-beta 1 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein

Download Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Download SDS

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 PLUS, Animal-Free Protein

The above product was manufactured, tested and released by R&D System's contract manufacturer, Qkine Ltd, at 1 Murdoch House, Cambridge, UK, CB5 8HW. The product is for research use only and not for the diagnostic or theraputic use.

For research use only