Human Blood/Secondary Lymphoid Organ/Non-Lymphoid Tissue Parenchyma Classical Dendritic Cell Subset Markers

Overview

Two subsets of blood, secondary lymphoid organ, non-lymphoid tissue parenchyma classical dendritic cell (cDC) subsets have been identified in humans, which are known as CD1c/BDCA-1⁺ cDCs and CD141/BDCA-3/Thrombomodulin⁺ cDCs. CD1c/BDCA-1⁺ cDCs are the most prominent subset found in human blood, while CD141/BDCA-3/Thrombomodulin⁺ cDCs represent a very small population. Phenotypically, these two subsets differ not only in the high level expression of either CD1c/BDCA-1 or CD141/BDCA-3/Thrombomodulin, but CD1c/BDCA-1⁺ cDCs also uniquely express SIRP alpha/CD172a and the chemokine receptor, CX3CR1. In contrast, CD141/BDCA-3/Thrombomodulin⁺ cDCs uniquely express CLEC9a, IGSF4A/SynCAM1/Necl2, DEC-205/CD205, and the chemokine receptor, XCR1. Both subsets express low levels of CD11b/Integrin alpha M, and lack expression of CD1a and the lineage markers characteristic of other immune cell types including CD3, CD14, CD19, CD20, and CD56. Functionally, CD1c/BDCA-1⁺ cDCs preferentially activate CD4⁺ T cells, while CD141/BDCA-3/Thrombomodulin⁺ cDCs are more proficient at cross-presenting antigens to CD8⁺ T cells, and promote Th1 cell differentiation and cytotoxic T cell responses.

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