AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free

Name: AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free
Brand: Novus Biologicals
SKU: NBP2-55812
Price: 469 USD
Availability: InStock

Novus Biologicals | Catalog # NBP2-55812

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Product Specifications
Scientific Data
Applications
Preparation & Storage
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human

Predicted:

Mouse (92%), Rat (92%). Backed by our 100% Guarantee.

Applications

Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

BSA Free

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Product Specifications

Immunogen

This antibody was developed against a recombinant protein corresponding to the following amino acid sequence: HVDSPDEREEWMRAIQMVANSLKQRAPGEDPMDYKCGSPSDSSTTEEMEVAVSKARAKVTMND

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Description

Novus Biologicals Rabbit AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free (NBP2-55812) is a polyclonal antibody validated for use in WB and ICC/IF. All Novus Biologicals antibodies are covered by our 100% guarantee.

Scientific Data Images for AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free

Western Blot: AKT2 Antibody [NBP2-55812]

Western Blot: Akt2 Antibody [NBP2-55812] - Western blot analysis in human cell line RT-4.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: AKT2 Antibody [NBP2-55812]

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Akt2 Antibody [NBP2-55812] - Staining of human cell line A549 shows localization to nucleus, cytosol & vesicles.

Applications for AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free

Application

Recommended Usage

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

0.25-2 ug/ml

Western Blot

0.04-0.4 ug/ml

Application Notes

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Fixation Permeabilization: Use PFA/Triton X-100.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Affinity purified

Formulation

PBS (pH 7.2) and 40% Glycerol

Format

BSA Free

Preservative

0.02% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Concentrations vary lot to lot. See vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Akt2

AKT (also known as protein kinase B (PKB) and RAC (related to A and C kinases)) is a critical intracellular serine/threonine kinase that translates signals from extracellular stimuli including growth factors, cytokines and neurotransmitters (1). AKT signaling plays critical roles in cell growth, proliferation, survival and differentiation (1). It is also involved in organogenesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. Three mammalian AKT isoforms have been identified. The AKT pathway can be activated by any of the three members who share a high level of protein homology but are independently encoded by AKT1 (PKB alpha; 14q32.32), AKT2 (PKB beta; 19q13.2), or AKT3 (PKB gamma; 1q44) (1, 2). Each AKT family member contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a central kinase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. AKT mediates many of the downstream events of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), a lipid kinase activated by growth factors, cytokines and insulin. PI3-K recruits AKT to the membrane, where it is activated by PDK1 phosphorylation. AKT has two main phosphorylation sites (Ser473 and Thr308, predicted molecular weight 56 kDa) (3, 4). Once phosphorylated, AKT dissociates from the membrane and phosphorylates targets in the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).

The main function of AKT is to control inhibition of apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Survival factors can activate AKT Ser473 and Thr308 phosphorylation sites in a transcription-independent manner, resulting in the inactivation of apoptotic signaling transduction through the tumor suppressor PTEN, an antagonist to PI3-K (5). PTEN exerts enzymatic activity as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase, opposing PI3K activity by decreasing availability of PIP3 to proliferating cells, leading to overexpression and inappropriate activation of AKT noted in many types of cancer.

AKT1 function has been linked to overall physiological growth and function (2). AKT1 has been correlated with proteus syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of various tissues caused by a mosaic variant in the AKT1 gene in humans.

AKT2 is strongly correlated with Type II diabetes, including phenotypes of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis (2, 6).

The function of AKT3 is specifically associated to brain development, where disruptions to AKT3 are correlated with microcephaly, hemimegalencephaly, megalencephaly and intellectual disabilities (2).

References

1. Ersahin, T., Tuncbag, N., & Cetin-Atalay, R. (2015). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway. Mol Biosyst, 11(7), 1946-1954. doi:10.1039/c5mb00101c

2. Cohen, M. M., Jr. (2013). The AKT genes and their roles in various disorders. Am J Med Genet A, 161a(12), 2931-2937. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36101

3. Georgescu, M. M. (2010). PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control. Genes Cancer, 1(12), 1170-1177. doi:10.1177/1947601911407325

4. Mishra, P., Paital, B., Jena, S., Swain, S. S., Kumar, S., Yadav, M. K.,... Samanta, L. (2019). Possible activation of NRF2 by Vitamin E/Curcumin against altered thyroid hormone induced oxidative stress via NFkB/AKT/mTOR/KEAP1 signalling in rat heart. Sci Rep, 9(1), 7408. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43320-5

5. Wedel, S., Hudak, L., Seibel, J. M., Juengel, E., Oppermann, E., Haferkamp, A., & Blaheta, R. A. (2011). Critical analysis of simultaneous blockage of histone deacetylase and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase in the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate, 71(7), 722-735. doi:10.1002/pros.21288

6. Rotllan, N., Chamorro-Jorganes, A., Araldi, E., Wanschel, A. C., Aryal, B., Aranda, J. F.,... Fernandez-Hernando, C. (2015). Hematopoietic Akt2 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis. Faseb j, 29(2), 597-610. doi:10.1096/fj.14-262097

Long Name

v-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 2

Alternate Names

PKB beta, RAC-beta

Gene Symbol

AKT2

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Product Specific Notices for AKT2 Antibody - BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.