Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Antibody Summary
Applications
Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data

Detection of Human IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 200 nM PMA for 24 hours and 10 µg/mL LPS and 3 hours. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Mouse Anti-Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB601) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF018). A specific band was detected for IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 at approximately 36 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 in Human PBMCs. IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Mouse Anti-Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB601) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Detection of Human IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of THP‑1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 200 nm PMA and 10 ug/ml LPS for 24 hrs and 3 hrs, respectively, and loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 at approximately 38 kDa (as indicated) using 10 µg/mL of Mouse Anti-Human IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB601). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 and Neutralization by Human IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Antibody. Recombinant Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 (Catalog # 201-LB) stimulates proliferation in the the D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 (0.05 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse Anti-Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB601). The ND50 is typically 0.05-0.2 µg/mL.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: IL-1 beta/IL-1F2
IL-1 is a name that designates two pleiotropic cytokines, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2, IL1B), which are the products of distinct genes. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are structurally related polypeptides that share approximately 21% amino acid (aa) identity in human. Both proteins are produced by a wide variety of cells in response to inflammatory agents, infections, or microbial endotoxins. While IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are regulated independently, they bind to the same receptor and exert identical biological effects. IL-1 RI binds directly to IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta and then associates with IL-1 R accessory protein (IL-1 R3/IL-1 R AcP) to form a high-affinity receptor complex that is competent for signal transduction. IL-1 RII has high affinity for IL-1 beta but functions as a decoy receptor and negative regulator of IL-1 beta activity. IL-1ra functions as a competitive antagonist by preventing IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta from interacting with IL-1 RI. Intracellular cleavage of the IL-1 beta precursor by Caspase-1/ICE is a key step in the inflammatory response. The 17 kDa molecular weight mature human IL-1 beta shares 96% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 67%-78% with canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat IL-1 beta. IL-1 beta functions in a central role in immune and inflammatory responses, bone remodeling, fever, carbohydrate metabolism, and GH/IGF-I physiology. IL-1 beta dysregulation is implicated in many pathological conditions including sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, neuronal injury, and aging-related diseases.
Product Datasheets
Product Specific Notices
This product is covered by one or more patents, including US Patent # 5,681,933.Citations for Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Toxoplasma gondii profilin induces NLRP3 activation and IL-1beta production/secretion in THP-1�cells
Authors: H Pazoki, H Mirjalali, M Niyyati, SJ Seyed Taba, N Mosaffa, S Shahrokh, H Asadzadeh, A Kupz, MR Zali
Microbial pathogenesis, 2023;180(0):106120.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Protein
Applications: Western Blot -
Oral Administration of Clostridium butyricum GKB7 Ameliorates Signs of Osteoarthritis in Rats
Authors: SL Chang, YY Lin, SC Liu, YS Tsai, SW Lin, YL Chen, CC Chen, CY Ko, HT Chen, WC Chen, CH Tang
Cells, 2022;11(14):.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Therapeutic Effects of Live Lactobacillus plantarum GKD7 in a Rat Model of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: YY Lin, SL Chang, SC Liu, D Achudhan, YS Tsai, SW Lin, YL Chen, CC Chen, JW Chang, YC Fong, SL Hu, CH Tang
Nutrients, 2022;14(15):.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
The central inflammasome adaptor protein ASC activates the inflammasome after transition from a soluble to an insoluble state
Authors: ER Prather, MA Gavrilin, MD Wewers
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2022;0(0):102024.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: ELISA (Capture) -
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Trigger the Overexpression of Tumour-Related Splice Variant RAC1B in Polarized Colorectal Cells
Authors: JFS Pereira, C Bessa, P Matos, P Jordan
Cancers, 2022;14(6):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 attenuates IL-1beta secretion by suppressing NLRP1 inflammasome activation by upregulating the NRF2-HO-1 pathway in epidermal keratinocytes
Authors: T Nakajo, T Katayoshi, N Kitajima, K Tsuji-Nait
Redox Biology, 2021;48(0):102203.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Gene expression network analyses during infection with virulent and avirulent Trypanosoma cruzi�strains unveil a role for fibroblasts in neutrophil recruitment and activation
Authors: AER Oliveira, MCA Pereira, AT Belew, LRP Ferreira, LMN Pereira, EGA Neves, MDCP Nunes, BA Burleigh, WO Dutra, NM El-Sayed, RT Gazzinelli, SMR Teixeira
PLoS Pathog., 2020;16(8):e1008781.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Protein
Applications: Western Blot -
The IL1beta-IL1R signaling is involved in the stimulatory effects triggered by hypoxia in breast cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)
Authors: R Lappano, M Talia, F Cirillo, DC Rigiraccio, D Scordamagl, R Guzzi, AM Miglietta, EM De Frances, A Belfiore, AH Sims, M Maggiolini
J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 2020;39(1):153.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Lysates, Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Anti-Inflammatory Performance of Lactose-Modified Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid Mixtures in an In Vitro Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation Osteoarthritis Model
Authors: E Tarricone, E Mattiuzzo, E Belluzzi, R Elia, A Benetti, R Venerando, V Vindigni, P Ruggieri, P Brun
Cells, 2020;9(6):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Heterogeneous GM-CSF signaling in macrophages is associated with control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: BD Bryson, TR Rosebrock, FG Tafesse, CY Itoh, A Nibasumba, GH Babunovic, B Corleis, C Martin, C Keegan, P Andrade, S Realegeno, D Kwon, RL Modlin, SM Fortune
Nat Commun, 2019;10(1):2329.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
Teneligliptin prevents doxorubicin-induced inflammation and apoptosis in H9c2 cells
Authors: W Peng, D Rao, M Zhang, Y Shi, J Wu, G Nie, Q Xia
Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 2019;0(0):108238.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Targeting the miR-665-3p-ATG4B-autophagy axis relieves inflammation and apoptosis in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Z Li, G Wang, D Feng, G Zu, Y Li, X Shi, Y Zhao, H Jing, S Ning, W Le, J Yao, X Tian
Cell Death Dis, 2018;9(5):483.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
Exposure to wild-type AAV drives distinct capsid immunity profiles in humans
Authors: K Kuranda, P Jean-Alpho, C Leborgne, R Hardet, F Collaud, S Marmier, H Costa Verd, G Ronzitti, P Veron, F Mingozzi
J. Clin. Invest., 2018;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
ANKRD1 regulates innate immune responses against herpes simplex virus 1: A potential role in eczema herpeticum
Authors: L Bin, X Li, B Richers, JE Streib, JW Hu, P Taylor, DYM Leung
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2018;0(0):.
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Saturated Fatty Acids Undergo Intracellular Crystallization and Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages
Authors: T Karasawa, A Kawashima, F Usui-Kawan, S Watanabe, H Kimura, R Kamata, K Shirasuna, Y Koyama, A Sato-Tomit, T Matsuzaka, H Tomoda, SY Park, N Shibayama, H Shimano, T Kasahara, M Takahashi
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2018;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
DPP8/DPP9 inhibitor-induced pyroptosis for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: DC Johnson, CY Taabazuing, MC Okondo, AJ Chui, SD Rao, FC Brown, C Reed, E Peguero, E de Stanchi, A Kentsis, DA Bachovchin
Nat. Med., 2018;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Innate activation of human primary epithelial cells broadens the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the airways
Authors: AK Reuschl, MR Edwards, R Parker, DW Connell, L Hoang, A Halliday, H Jarvis, N Siddiqui, C Wright, S Bremang, SM Newton, P Beverley, RJ Shattock, OM Kon, A Lalvani
PLoS Pathog., 2017;13(9):e1006577.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
Zinc inhibits high glucose-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human peritoneal mesothelial cells
Authors: Y Fan, X Zhang, L Yang, J Wang, Y Hu, A Bian, J Liu, J Ma
Mol Med Rep, 2017;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Alpha 1-antitrypsin does not inhibit human monocyte caspase-1.
Authors: Rahman M, Mitra S, Sarkar A, Wewers M
PLoS ONE, 2015;10(2):e0117330.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development (Capture) -
Vitamin D regulates cytokine patterns secreted by dendritic cells to promote differentiation of IL-22-producing T cells.
Authors: Sommer A, Fabri M
PLoS ONE, 2015;10(6):e0130395.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
Inflammasome priming by lipopolysaccharide is dependent upon ERK signaling and proteasome function.
Authors: Ghonime M, Shamaa O, Das S, Eldomany R, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Alnemri E, Gavrilin M, Wewers M
J Immunol, 2014;192(8):3881-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development (Capture) -
IL-17C regulates the innate immune function of epithelial cells in an autocrine manner.
Authors: Ramirez-Carrozzi V, Sambandam A, Luis E
Nat. Immunol., 2011;12(12):1159-66.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
Resistance of human alveolar macrophages to Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin.
Authors: Wu W, Mehta H, Chakrabarty K, Booth JL, Duggan ES, Patel KB, Ballard JD, Coggeshall KM, Metcalf JP
J. Immunol., 2009;183(9):5799-806.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Noninvasive detection of acute and chronic injuries in human renal transplant by elevation of multiple cytokines/chemokines in urine.
Authors: Hu H, Kwun J, Aizenstein BD, Knechtle SJ
Transplantation, 2009;87(12):1814-20.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Urine
Applications: Antibody Array Development -
Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.
Authors: Biancotto A, Iglehart SJ, Lisco A, Vanpouille C, Grivel JC, Lurain NS, Reichelderfer PS, Margolis LB
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008;24(3):453-62.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
Bacterial vaginosis, not HIV, is primarily responsible for increased vaginal concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines.
Authors: Mitchell CM, Balkus J, Agnew KJ, Cohn S, Luque A, Lawler R, Coombs RW, Hitti JE
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008;24(5):667-71.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Vaginal Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development -
Endogenous IL-32 controls cytokine and HIV-1 production.
Authors: Nold MF, Nold-Petry CA, Pott GB, Zepp JA, Saavedra MT, Kim SH, Dinarello CA
J. Immunol., 2008;181(1):557-65.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Electrochemiluminescent Assay -
Ultrasensitive flow-based immunoassays using single-molecule counting.
Authors: Todd J, Freese B, Lu A, Held D, Morey J, Livingston R, Goix P
Clin. Chem., 2007;53(11):1990-5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1.
Authors: Biancotto A, Grivel JC, Iglehart SJ, Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Sieg SF, Debernardo R, Garate K, Rodriguez B, Margolis LB, Lederman MM
Blood, 2007;109(10):4272-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
Clinical outcome following acute ischaemic stroke relates to both activation and autoregulatory inhibition of cytokine production.
Authors: Emsley HC, Smith CJ, Gavin CM
BMC Neurol, 2007;7(0):5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Effect of serum content and diluent selection on assay sensitivity and signal intensity in multiplex bead-based immunoassays.
Authors: Pfleger C, Schloot N, ter Veld F
J. Immunol. Methods, 2007;329(1):214-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: Luminex Development -
HIV-1-infected and/or immune activated macrophages regulate astrocyte SDF-1 production through IL-1beta.
Authors: Peng H, Erdmann N, Whitney N, Dou H, Gorantla S, Gendelman HE, Ghorpade A, Zheng J
Glia, 2006;54(6):619-29.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Changes in periodontal and rheumatological conditions after 2 years in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Authors: Miranda LA, Braga F, Fischer RG, Sztajnbok FR, Figueredo CM, Gustafsson A
J. Periodontol., 2006;77(10):1695-700.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF)
Applications: ELISA Development -
Rapid analysis of inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid using chip-based immunoaffinity electrophoresis.
Authors: Phillips TM
Electrophoresis, 2004;25(10):1652-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: Affinity Chromatography -
Direct comparison of traditional ELISAs and membrane protein arrays for detection and quantification of human cytokines.
Authors: Copeland S, Siddiqui J, Remick D
J. Immunol. Methods, 2004;284(1):99-106.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Array Development -
Measurement of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and IL-33 receptors (sST2 and ST2L) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: Hong YS, Moon S, Moon SJ, Joo YB, Joo Y, Jeon C, Jeon CH, Cho ML, Ju JH, Oh HJ, Heo YJ, Heo Y, Park SH, Kim HY, Min JK
J Korean Med Sci, 0;26(9):1132-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Synovial Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development
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