TGF-beta 1 (Transforming Growth Factor beta 1) is a pleiotrophic cytokine that regulates immune function, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. TGF-beta 1 associates with LAP to form a latent complex. It can be is activated from latency by plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1, and a subset of integrins. TGF-beta 1 signals through complexes of TGF-beta RII with TGF-beta RI/ALK-5 or ALK-1. TGF-beta signaling is modulated by the accessory receptors TGF-beta RIII/Betaglycan and Endoglin/CD105.
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Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
R&D Systems | Catalog # DB100C
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Key Product Details
Assay Length
4.5 hours
Sample Type & Volume Required Per Well
Cell Culture Supernates (50 µL), Serum (10 µL), Platelet-poor Plasma (50 µL), Platelet-poor EDTA Plasma (50 µL), Urine (50 µL)
Sensitivity
5.5 pg/mL
Assay Range
31.3-2000 pg/mL (Cell Culture Supernates, Serum, Platelet-poor Plasma, Platelet-poor EDTA Plasma, Urine)
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Product Summary for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
The Quantikine™ Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Immunoassay is a 4.5 hour solid phase ELISA designed to measure TGF-beta 1 in cell culture supernates, serum, platelet-poor plasma, and urine. It contains CHO cell-expressed recombinant TGF-beta 1 and has been shown to quantitate the recombinant factor accurately. Results obtained using natural TGF-beta 1 showed linear curves that were parallel to the standard curves obtained using the recombinant kit standards. These results indicate that this kit can be used to determine relative mass values for natural TGF-beta 1.
Product Specifications
Measurement
Quantitative ELISA
Detection Method
Colorimetric - 450nm (TMB)
Conjugate
HRP
Species
Human, Mouse, Rat, Porcine, Canine
Specificity
Natural and recombinant TGF-beta 1. This assay also recognizes human TGF-beta 1.2.
Cross-reactivity
< 0.5% cross-reactivity observed with available related molecules. < 50% cross-species reactivity observed with species tested.
Interference
No significant interference observed with available related molecules.
Sample Values
Serum/Plasma/Urine - Samples were evaluated for the presence of TGF-beta 1 in this assay.
*Only 40% of the urine samples meausered detectable levels (>31.3 pg/mL).
**Only 60% of the EDTA plasma samples measured detectable levels with the required 40 fold dilution. Two of five samples read just
below the standard curve (< 31.3 pg/mL).
| Human Samples | Mean (pg/mL) | Range (pg/mL) | Standard Devitation (pg/mL) |
| Serum (n=31) | 51,640 | 32,091-95,147 | 11,901 |
| platelet-poor EDTA plasma (n=31) | 2377 | 1414-4641 | 729 |
| Platelet-poor heparin plasma (n=31) | 2383 | 1445-3653 | 561 |
| Urine* (n=10) | 65.9 | ND-108 | --- |
ND=Non-detectable
| Mouse Samples | Mean (pg/mL) | Range (pg/mL) | Standard Deviation (pg/mL) |
| Serum (n=10) | 97,352 | 78,751-114,130 | 12,623 |
| Platelet-poor EDTA plasma (n=10) | 41,763 | 16,577-68,505 | 16,887 |
| Platelet-poor heparin plasma (n=10) | 41,101 | 18,195-66,700 | 17,419 |
| Rat Samples | Mean (pg/mL) | Range (pg/mL) | Standard Deviation (pg/mL) |
| Serum (n=10) | 68,108 | 43,721-89,138 | 14,343 |
| Platelet-poor EDTA plasma (n=5) | 5833 | 4912-7820 | 1141 |
| Platelet-poor heparin plasma (n=5) | 13,971 | 5274-26,114 | 8392 |
| Porcine Samples | Mean (pg/mL) | Range (pg/mL) | Standard Deviation (pg/mL) |
| Serum (n=5) | 17,597 | 13,481-23,914 | 4146 |
| Platelet-poor EDTA plasma (n=5) | 1955 | 1530-2810 | 518 |
| Platelet-poor heparin plasma (n=5) | 1567 | 1111-2475 | 551 |
| Canine Samples | Mean (pg/mL) | Range (pg/mL) | Standard Deviation (pg/mL) |
| Serum (n=10) | 33,455 | 2193-79,590 | 19,795 |
| Platelet-poor EDTA plasma** (n=5) | 2195 | ND-2515 | — |
| Platelet-poor heparin plasma*** (n=5) | 3763 | ND-4278 | — |
***Only 80% of the heparin plasma samples measured detectable levels with the required 40 fold dilution. One of five samples read
just below the standard curve (< 31.3 pg/mL).
SAMPLE VALUES CONTINUED
Cell Culture Supernates:
Cell Culture Supernates:
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from whole blood by a
density gradient centrifugation method using Ficoll-Paque Plus. CD4+ T cells were isolated from
PBMCs using the MagCellect™ Human CD4+ T cell Isolation Kit (R&D Systems®,
Catalog # MAGH102). Cells were seeded at 5 x 105
/mL and cultured using Excellerate™
Human T Cell Expansion Media, Xeno-Free (R&D Systems, Catalog # CCM030). T cells were left
untreated or treated with 10 ng/mL GMP recombinant human (rh) IL-7 (R&D Systems,
Catalog # 207-GMP), 10 ng/mL GMP rhIL-15 (R&D Systems, Catalog # 247-GMP), and stimulated
via their T cell receptor (TCR) and co-stimulatory receptor for 5 days. TCR stimulation was
mediated using 25 μL Cloudz™ CD3/28 particles (Cloudz T Cell Activation Kit - CD3/CD28,
(R&D Systems, Catalog # CLD001) per mL of culture media. CD4+ T cells were maintained in a
5% CO2
incubator at 37 °C for 5 days. An aliquot of the cell culture supernates was removed,
assayed for TGF-beta 1, and measured 77.7 pg/mL (untreated) and 471 pg/mL (treated).
Human PBMCs were seeded at 1 x 106
/mL and cultured in RPMI supplemented with 10% fetal
bovine serum (FBS), 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin and
left untreated. An aliquot of the cell culture supernate was removed, assayed for TGF-beta 1, and
measured 2854 pg/mL.
Mouse EL-4 cells were cultured in DMEM High Glucose supplemented with 10% FBS,
2 mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. Cells were then treated
with 10 ng/mL PMA and 10 ug/mL PHA for 24 hours. An aliquot of the cell culture supernate
was removed, assayed for TGF-beta 1, and measured 2969 pg/mL.
Rat spleen was taken from a pregnant Sprague Dawley rat, homogenized, and cultured in DME
with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin at 37 °C
and 5% CO2
. Rat splenocytes were treated with 50 ng/mL recombinant rat IL-2 and 5 μg/mL
PHA for 3 days. An aliquot of the cell culture supernate was removed, assayed for TGF-beta 1, and
measured 2716 pg/mL.
Porcine PK-15 cells were cultured in MEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine,
100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. Cells were treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 72
hours. An aliquot of the cell culture supernate was removed, assayed for TGF-beta 1, and measured
1631 pg/mL.
Precision
Intra-Assay Precision (Precision within an assay) Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess intra-assay precision.
Inter-Assay Precision (Precision between assays) Three samples of known concentration were tested in separate assays to assess inter-assay precision. Assays were performed by at least three technicians using two lots of components.
Cell Culture Supernates, Platelet-poor EDTA Plasma, Platelet-poor Plasma, Serum, Urine
| Intra-Assay Precision | Inter-Assay Precision | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| n | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Mean (pg/mL) | 317 | 683 | 1271 | 309 | 708 | 1072 | 312 | 657 | 1184 | 303 | 622 | 1092 |
| Standard Deviation | 11.3 | 42.2 | 31.1 | 15.3 | 40.0 | 44.3 | 26.1 | 46.6 | 92.3 | 21.2 | 47.2 | 70.0 |
| CV% | 3.6 | 6.2 | 2.4 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 4.1 | 8.4 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 6.4 |
Recovery for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
The recovery of TGF-beta 1 spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in activated samples was evaluated.
| Sample Type | Average % Recovery | Range % |
|---|---|---|
| Media + FBS (n=4) | 103 | 80-125 |
| Platelet-poor EDTA Plasma (n=4) | 90 | 83-98 |
| Platelet-poor Plasma (n=4) | 90 | 77-107 |
| Serum-free Cell Culture Media (n=4) | 87 | 82-95 |
| Urine (n=4) | 114 | 105-123 |
Linearity
To assess linearity of the assay, the activated samples containing and/or spiked with high concentrations of TGF-beta 1, were diluted with calibrator diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
Scientific Data Images for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
Human TGF-beta 1 ELISA Cell culture supernate/Urine Standard Curve
Human TGF-beta 1 ELISA Serum/Platelet-poor Plasma Standard Curve
Preparation and Storage
Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.
Background: TGF-beta 1
Long Name
Transforming Growth Factor beta 1
Alternate Names
TGF beta1, TGFB, TGFB1, TGFbeta 1
Gene Symbol
TGFB1
Additional TGF-beta 1 Products
Product Documents for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
For research use only
Related Research Areas
Citations for Human/Mouse/Rat/Porcine/Canine TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA
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Sample Tested: Platelet-rich plasmaVerified Customer | Posted 02/25/2024
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Sample Tested: Serum and PlasmaVerified Customer | Posted 05/26/2023The TGF-beta 1 Quantikine ELISA Kit is stable. The R2 value of the standard curve is more than 0.99. Easy to use!
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- ELISA Sample Preparation & Collection Guide
- ELISA Troubleshooting Guide
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- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars
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Associated Pathways
Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways & Lineage-specific Markers
IL-2 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
IL-4 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
IL-9 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
IL-21 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways & Lineage-specific Markers
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways
Th17 Differentiation Pathway
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways & Lineage-specific Markers
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways
Th17 Differentiation Pathway